A Study On The Selection And Application Of Children's Operating Materials In Collective Mathematics Teaching Activities Of Senior Class In The Central-kindergarten In Villages And Towns

Piaget believed that abstract thinking originated from actions.Mathematics has the characteristics of abstraction and logicalization,which conflicts with the cognition of children's development with concrete image thinking.The operating materials are the material basis for young children to produce actions.Therefore,children's perception and understanding of mathematics need to understand the mathematical relationship through full and repeated manipulations and operations,to obtain early key mathematical experience,and finally to summarize and internalize it.The Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan clearly points out that township central kindergartens should play a model role in village kindergartens.At present,the central-kindergartens in villages and towns are facing many problems,such as low ratio of teachers to children,complicated sources of teachers,widespread inter-generational education in rural families,traditional concepts of teacher education,unscientific teaching methods,and " primary schooling" of mathematics education.In order to further understand the current situation of the selection and application of Children's Operating Materials in collective mathematics teaching activities of Senior Class in the Central-Kindergarten in villages and towns,the author adopted questionnaire,interview and observation methods.Through investigation and observation,it is found that there are six main problems in children's operation materials: First,teachers do not have a deep understanding of the value and significance of Children's Operating materials;Second,the source of children's operating materials is single.Third,the basis for teachers to choose operating materials for young children is unreasonable enough.Fourth,the combination degree of children's operation materials and class children's mathematics experience is insufficient.Fifth,the matching degree between children's operation materials and mathematics activities is insufficient.Sixth,there is insufficient support for the difference of children's development during the application of operating materials.Based on the observation and interview results,the paper analyzes the reasons for the problems of children's operation materials in Senior Class of mathematics teaching activities in the Central-Kindergarten in villages and towns.In order to explore the strategies for selection and application of children's operation materials,the author took Class 1 of Class B as an example,and adopted the action research.The research conclusion is as follows:First of all,the selection and application principles of children's operation materials in mathematics collection and teaching activities of Senior Class in the Central-Kindergarten in villages and towns include the following five principles: nature,convenience,"multipurpose ",operation and exploration,and contextualization.Secondly,the selection and application of children's operation materials in mathematics collection and teaching activities in the Central-Kindergarten in villages and Towns need to master the five methods of "analyzing" children,"deciding" operating materials," understanding" interest," skillful" combination " and" emphasizing " body.Then,the differentiated support strategies in the application of children's operating materials of Senior Class in the Central-Kindergarten in villages and towns include : First,the types of operating materials gradually transit from concrete images,semi-concrete and semi-abstract to abstract symbols;Second,the number of operating materials will change from less to more;Third,the operation rules are explained in slow and layered steps.Fourth,excavate the hidden educational value of auxiliary materials;Fifth,increase the chance of individualized display operation and result expression.Finally,the author discussed the problems existing in the process of action research,and put forward feasible suggestions as follows: Firstly,strengthen the construction of teaching staff in the Central-Kindergarten in villages and Towns.Secondly,improve the management measures of children's operation materials in the Central-Kindergarten in villages and towns.Thirdly,learn children's mathematics teaching knowledge deeply.Fourth,strengthen the understanding of the value and significance of children's operating materials.Fifth,excavate the value of mathematics education in rural natural materials.