Research On Impact Of Land Finance On Population Urbanization In Different Developed Areas

Using land revenue as funds to promote urbanization is a conventional method in many countries.Most of the countries abroad implement private ownership of land,they can use the land to collect estate tax,property tax and other taxes to obtain the financial revenue.While China implement state ownership of land,using land transfer income to obtain financial revenue is a conventional method.Since the reform of tax-sharing system in the 1990s,the local government's tax revenue has dropped sharply,and a large number of tax sources have been transferred to the central government.Under these circumstances,the local government had to find other ways to complement the financial revenue,land transfer income became an important part of local financial revenue.Abundant land transfer income contributed to the large-scale urbanization expansion.Between 2005 and 2014,the average growth rate of urban construction area square reached 5.43%annually,while during this period the average growth rate of urban population only reached 1.31%annually.It shows that urban population expansion and urban construction area expansion rate were seriously unsynchronized in the process of urbanization in China.The mechanism of impact of land finance on population urbanization can be simplified as:land finance implemented local government financial revenue,local government used this money to drive urban construction area expansion,the construction of infrastructure and industrial parks,attracting enterprises.And enterprises will bring a large number of employment opportunities to attract population to move to the city and complete the process of population urbanization.Local government's land finance behaviors had resulted in reliance on the land transfer income,which had been gradually strengthened over time and the local government's finance were kidnapped by land finance.As local government finance were attached to the land price,resulting in the existence of incentives to the rise of land prices.Therefore,local government don't have the ability to prevent house price from rising.This situation will affect population migration to cities.Jiangsu,as one of the most developed provinces both in economy and population urbanization level.However,due to the historical evolution,geographical separation,cultural customs,industrial policy and other aspects,Jiangsu had huge internal differences among the whole province,the difference here is not only refers to the level of economic development,but also to the level of population urbanization.They all differed in several regions.In this paper,Jiangsu will be divided into three different economically developed regions according to the geography,as southern Jiangsu as known as Sunan,middle Jiangsu as known as Suzhong and northern Jiangsu as known as Subei,attempting to investigate the differences in the population urbanization.In order to verify the mechanism of the impact of land finance on population urbanization in Jiangsu province,this paper attempts to use the yearbook data from 2005 to 2014 to analyze the impact of land finance on population urbanization,based on some control variables.The hypothesis of the paper is that the impact of land finance on population urbanization is to promote in the early stage and to hinder in the later stage.On the basis of hypothesis,we will continue analyzing the influence process among three economically developed regions in Jiangsu,and explore the development process of population urbanization in different regions and their different influencing factors.The main contents and achievements of this study are as follows:The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly includes the background of the research,the posing of the question,the elaboration of the research among the academia,the reviews and summaries of the analysis.Afterwards,there is the introduce of the research method and raise the hypothesis.The second chapter mainly reviews and analyzes the related concepts involved in the study.Since the concept of land finance and population urbanization is not unified and the evaluation system is diverse.After analyzing the different definition categories of the academic community,there is a definition of the content in the paper.After that,we will list some of the original theories that support the research,and give the analytical framework of this paper under the premise of rational economic man hypothesis and dual economy hypothesis.In the third chapter,under the premise of rational economic man hypothesis and dual economic hypothesis,this part mainly analyzes the economic explanation of land finance and population urbanization,including the driving mechanism and function mechanism of land finance,tax-sharing system reform and government officials promotion system had generated the land finance.From both the macroeconomic and microeconomic point of view,analysis the mechanism of migration decision-making,which is,the gap between urban and rural income makes the population agglomeration.And on this basis,illustrates the mechanism of land finance on population urbanization,that is,land finance-urban construction area expansion-population urbanization.In the fourth chapter,based on the theoretical analysis,some control variables are added to design the regression model.Through the panel data of Jiangsu province in recent 10 years,the authenticity of the impact on land finance to population urbanization has been proved.The mechanism is that firstly the land finance will boost the population urbanization and finally hinder it.It means the hypothesis is right.And the influence of each control variable is analyzed.The fifth chapter mainly analyzes the regional differences of population urbanization in Jiangsu province,and uses the Theil Index and the coefficient of variation to estimate the differences between groups in the three regions of Jiangsu province(southern Jiangsu,middle Jiangsu and northern Jiangsu).Found that both between or within the three regions the internal differences have emerged a decreasing trend.Based on the analysis of the land finance situation of the three regions,the panel data were analyzed,and the population urbanization was affected by different variables.The regional differences do exist.Through the analysis of the resource endowment,geographical distribution and industrial structure of the three regions,the reasons for the difference of population urbanization in different regions are explained.The sixth chapter mainly summarizes and regains the study,and puts forward some policy recommendations that land finance will be unsustainable due to the scarcity of land and eventually land finance will push up house prices and begin to weaken the affection to push the progress of population urbanization.So the country should push forward a tax reform from national level,end this local government-led land transactions act in order to better promote the progress of population urbanization.Finally,some future research prospects are put forward.There are some disadvantage in this research,especially in the level of cities,there are some problems in data collection.Also hope that this article can be a catalyst and do some help for other researchers.