The Impact Of Population Aging On Economic Growth From The Perspective Of Technological Innovation

It is generally believed that population aging has an adverse impact on the economy and society,but population aging also has a certain role in promoting economic growth.For example,population aging will promote the shift of population dividends to population quality dividends,and population aging may force technology.Innovation and so on.Based on this,this paper studies the impact of population aging on economic growth from the perspective of technological innovation,and analyzes the aging of the population to promote economic growth by promoting technological innovation,thereby weakening the adverse impact of population aging on economic growth.In the future,China’s economy will achieve structural transformation and high-quality development,and technological innovation is increasingly important.In the process of implementing the innovation-driven development strategy,China needs to face the problem of aging and address the far-reaching impact of aging.The aging of the population has changed the capital-labor factor endowment structure,which has led to the demand for labor-saving technological innovation,and has made people pay more attention to human capital investment.At the same time,the rich experience of the elderly and the new knowledge possessed by young people have formed an advantage.Complementary,these have a positive impact on technological innovation.This paper takes technological innovation as a research perspective to explore the impact of population aging on economic growth,which is of great significance for population policy and economic innovation development at this stage.This paper first sorts out the aging of the population and promotes technological innovation through three paths to promote economic growth.First,population ageing promotes technological innovation by changing the structure of capital-labor elements.The aging of the population makes the labor resources scarce,and the wages of the workers rise.In order to reduce the cost and increase the income of the enterprises,the increase in wages stimulates enterprises to carry out technological innovation to reduce the input of labor factors.Second,population aging promotes technological innovation through human capital.One of the reasons for the aging of the population is the decrease in fertility rate and the decrease in the number of children in the population.This has led to an increase in the share of family spending on children’s education,so that children can enjoy quality educational resources,and the education level of children in the whole society will promote social people.Another reason for the level of capital is that the decline in mortality has extended the life expectancy of the population.Therefore,people will no longer simply pursue the number of household laborers,pay more attention to the increase of individual labor productivity,and thus increase investment in education and technical training.Finally,The rich experience of the elderly complements the advantages of new knowledge acquired by young people,which in turn promotes technological innovation.On the basis of the above theoretical analysis,a panel regression model is established to use the panel data of China’s 30 provincial administrative regions from 2005 to 2015 to empirically examine the impact of population aging on the economy from the perspective of technological innovation.The results show that when the control variables are not added and the interaction between population aging and technological innovation,the impact of population aging on economic growth is significantly positive from the perspective of technological innovation,adding other control variables and the interaction of population aging on technological innovation.After the project,although the population aging and technological innovation single explanatory variables have a negative impact on economic growth,the total effect of population aging on economic growth is 0.16324,which indicates that the total effect of aging on economic growth is still positive.The aging of the population has weakened the negative impact of aging on economic growth through technological innovation.In addition,in order to prove the robustness of the regression results.This paper selects the R&D capital stock(lnrd),which is a substitute index of technological innovation,instead of the number of patent applications(lncapt).The results show that the effect of population aging on economic growth is consistent,and the regression results have certain stability.In addition,the two intermediary paths that influence the technological innovation of population aging are empirically tested.The test results show that the aging effect of population aging through human capital and capital-labor factor endowment structure has a significant mediating effect on technological innovation.Finally,on the basis of empirical analysis,it is proposed to objectively understand the relationship between population aging and economic growth,and increase human capital investment.The government should formulate relevant measures for technological innovation from the macro and micro levels,and pay attention to the redevelopment and utilization of the elderly capital.The elderly also give full play to their own "remaining thermal effects" and other recommendations.