Practical Research On Developing Senior High School Students' Ability Of Biological Science Exploration Based On STEM Education

STEM education originated in the United States.With the development of information technology,more and more countries have realized the importance of STEM education.STEM education is a multidisciplinary education that effectively integrates science,technology,engineering and mathematics through problem solving,project learning,task completion and engineering design.Based on the research of STEM education related courses,this paper integrates STEM into senior high school biology teaching,explores the influence of STEM biology teaching on cultivating senior high school students' biology science inquiry ability,and provides reference for the construction of senior high school biology STEM curriculum and the implementation of STEM biology teaching.This paper first elaborates the background and significance of the topic,the overview of STEM education and biological science inquiry ability,and the relationship between STEM education and biological subject education objectives.Then it analyses the research progress of STEM education at home and abroad.On this basis,the education of STEM is integrated into senior high school biology teaching,and practical research is carried out.STEM teaching cases are designed from eight aspects: designing ideas,defining teaching objectives,creating situations,eliciting inquiry questions or tasks,providing information and tools,designing schemes,implementing schemes,recording and analyzing data and communicating and expressing conclusions.This study is based on "making DNA molecular structure model","exploring the conditions of water absorption and loss of mature plant cells","enzymes".Take the teaching process of "characteristics" as an example.This paper chooses Class 3 and Class 4 of Dongyong Middle School in Nansha District of Guangzhou as experimental classes,and conducts a practical research on the influence of STEM-based biology teaching on the cultivation of students' ability of biology scientific inquiry.Firstly,a questionnaire survey was conducted on the current situation of the students' biological science inquiry ability in the two classes.It was found that the overall scientific inquiry ability of the two classes was comparableand relatively poor.Secondly,SPSS was used to analyze the results of the first monthly examination of the two classes.The P value was 0.843 more than 0.05,and there was no significant difference between the two classes.Therefore,the overall scientific inquiry ability and knowledge level of the two classes are comparable,and they can be used as experimental classes for practical research.Finally,paired samples T-test was carried out on the data of the five elements of scientific inquiry ability before and after the practice of the experimental class,including questions,design schemes,experimental operations,data recording and analysis,cooperative communication and expression.The results showed that the P value of the five elements of scientific inquiry ability was less than 0.05,and the difference between the pre-test and post-test was significant.Among them,the improvement of operation ability is the most remarkable,and the improvement of design scheme is more difficult,but it also has a great improvement.It shows that STEM education is helpful to cultivate students' abilities of asking questions,designing schemes,experiment operation,data recording and analysis,cooperation,communication and expression.The results of monthly exam and final exam of students from 3 classes and 4 classes were tested by paired sample T.It was found that the scores of students from both classes had been improved.It can be said that the teaching effect of STEM education was remarkable.Thus the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)students' scientific inquiry ability needs to be improved;(2)STEM education is feasible and effective to apply to high school biology classroom teaching;(3)STEM education can improve high school students' biological science inquiry ability.Finally,I put forward the following suggestions for STEM education in senior high school biology classroom: a thorough understanding of the recommendations of senior high school biology curriculum standards on STEM education;improving teaching equipment and teaching environment;cultivating composite teachers with STEM literacy;constructing senior high school biology STEM curriculum;diversified evaluation.