Research On The Impact Of China's Demographic Changes On Regional Economic Development

Because of the sociality and economy of population itself,the relationship between population and various elements has become the research object of many scholars.Demographic structure is an inclusive concept that integrates all the attributes of population,such as age,gender,region,industry and cultural composition.In other words,under the collective concept of population,each subset is more or less directly or indirectly related to economic development.After the national population census in 2010,some scholars found that the age structure of China's population had changed compared with the 1990 s,with the proportion of the elderly population increasing,while the proportion of the young population decreasing in the same period.China was about to face problems such as the imbalance of the age structure of the population.Based on the data of population structure and economic development of eastern and western regions from 2002 to 2017,12 indicators related to five categories of population structure,such as age,gender,urban and rural areas,industry and culture,are taken as research objects to specifically analyze the impact of each indicator on the economic development of different regions.In the empirical analysis,SPSS software was used to conduct principal component analysis of 12 independent variables and screen the indicators.Then,Stata12.0 was used to regression these selected indicators with per capita GDP,fixed capital stock,degree of opening to the outside world and FDI.It was confirmed that each indicator had different significance and influence on economic development in different regions.Based on the analysis,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)From a comprehensive perspective,the demographic structure that has the greatest impact on the economic development of eastern and western regions is urban and rural population,industrial and educational structure.(2)the effect of population changes at each age on economic development is not invariable,either in terms of direction or size.The size of the non-working age population does not necessarily go in the opposite direction of economic development.The impact of an increase in the share of the working population on economic development is not necessarily strong.It is determined by the productive capacity,the level of consumption,and the amount of material used.(3)It is not true thatthe greater the proportion of urban population,the faster economic development will be.The amount that a town can absorb is commensurate with its economic level and infrastructure.(4)the change speed of population and cultural structure in each region must keep pace with the pace of industrial structure upgrading.In this way,"people and post matching" can be popularized,so as to give full play to human capital and promote economic growth.Finally,on the premise of maintaining the commonness and the heterogeneity of the development of the eastern and western regions,the author puts forward relevant Suggestions according to the five categories of population structure studied.