The Empirical Research On Human Capital And The Intergenerational Transmission Of Poverty In China's Rural Households

This paper uses the model method to quantify the influence of various elements of human capital on the intergenerational transmission of rural poverty in China by selecting the survey data of China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)from 1993 to 2015.and expounds the root cause and operation mechanism of intergenerational transmission of rural poverty in China from the perspective of human capital.Firstly,according to the 4221 samples from the 8 surveys,the intergenerational income transfer problem of rural household in China is analyzed.The results show that the intergenerational income elasticity coefficient of rural residents in China is high,the intergenerational income is obviously transmitted,and the income mobility is poor.Especially in poor families,the children's income level of rural poor family in China is more affected by the income of their parents than the ordinary family.The intergenerational elasticity coefficient is 0.468.In terms of regions,the intergenerational income elasticity of the eastern region is higher than that of the central and western regions.Secondly,taking the various elements of human capital as intermediate variables,we examine its role in the intergenerational income transfer mechanism of rural households in China,to understand how the income level of the father's affectting the income level of their children.According to the decomposition result: education human capital is an important factor to explain the income transmission between rural parents and children in China,followed by health,while the skill human capital represented by the child occupation type plays a more important role in the intergenerational income transmission mechanism of rural families in China.the interpretation ratio is 18.7%.From the perspective of human capital investment coefficient,the overall human capital investment level of the education,skills and healthy of the children' in the rural families in China needs to be improved.Specifically,compared with rural ordinary families,the poor families have lower education and skill human capital investment for their children.The lower generations can't get better income with lower human capital level,and the intergenerational transmission of poverty is easy.From the perspective of the return coefficient of human capital,the education and health of the children have higher returns to the income of the children,while the skills of the children have the highest return to the income of the children,and the returns of the skills of the middleaged families of the poor families to their income.It is 27%.The level of education of the children and the vocational skills and employment choices of the younger generations play an important role in improving the intergenerational income mobility of rural residents,especially poor families,and helping their children to escape poverty.