Economic Base Or Traditional Views?

From the perspective of fertility cost theory and Chinese lineage system,this paper focused on influencing factors of fertility desire and child-bearing behavior before and after family-planning policy adjusting.This study used data from CGSS2013 and CGSS2015 and people aged from 20 to 55 were taken as research objects.The contents of this study mainly consist the following parts.Firstly,in order to explore the influences of shifts in family-planning policy,the paper analyzed expected number of children,gender preference and the number of children people already have by quantitative descriptive analysis method.Secondly,describing the group differences of child-bearing behavior based on individual characteristics,socioeconomic status and views on traditional culture.Furthermore,probing into possible influencing factors of child-bearing behavior.Apart from that,the research also explored the factors affecting fertility desire,and in this part the number of children of research subjects is below two,which means they are potential targeted group of universal two-child policy.Based on the the empirical study,this paper drew the following conclusions.As a whole,fertility desire raised and the number of children increased ever since the two-child policy implemented.And the study found that the more satisfaction to public services,the more likely people are to have two or more children.On the part of child-bearing behavior,people in lower socioeconomic status are tended to have more than one child.In contrast with classical indexes of socioeconomic status,such as income and education,residential holdings have a positive effect on the number of children.People who have two or more house properties are more likely to have more than one child.“Only when people had house do they feel free to have children” is a realistic portrayal of fertility today.With regard to fertility desire,people in higher socioeconomic status prefered more than one child ideally.With the rising of cost of childbearing,probably direct fertility cost is the main reason why people in lower status wanted one child and no more.In addition,traditional cultural views has a significant impact on child-bearing behavior and fertility desire.The traditionaldisposition of gender ideology would increase the chance of having two or more children.However,the ideology of bringing up their children for old age has a negative effect on fertility desire.At last,the influence of educational levels on gender preference was significant.The less educated are more likely to have son preference.In the conclusion part,above findings were discussed.And the author put forward the following three suggestions.The first is to prompting supportive policy for targeted group of universal two-child policy who want to have two children.Besides,the social security system is supposed to be improved and reducing the cost of fertility.Finally,it is also necessary to advocate gender equality and heighten the cosy and warm family atmosphere.