Research On The Training Characteristics Of Zhao Xianjian In Preparing For The Thirteenth National Games

Men's 50 m freestyle is the shortest distance and fastest speed in competitive swimming,and anaerobic metabolic capacity plays a leading role in this event.Zhao Xianjian is currently the representative of the men's short distance swimming in Guangxi.The result of the 50-meter freestyle broke through the result of Huang Shaohua's 22.31 seconds swimming in the 11 th National Games.He has won the national championship many times and won the third personal best result of 22.26 seconds in the men's 50-meter freestyle swimming in the 13 th National Games in2017.It is also the rare luck in China within 22.30 seconds.As a member of the Chinese swimming team,he participated in the 18 th Asian Games in Jakarta,Indonesia,in August 2018.The training of high-level athletes has a certain representativeness,especially high-level older athletes.How to maintain a high level of competitive state and prolong professional sports career has always been the focus of research in the field of sports training.This topic summarizes the short-distance freestyle events by tracking and analyzing the training arrangements of Zhao Xianjian in the preparation cycle for the 13 th National Games.Through the analysis of Zhao Xianjian's personal training plan,the characteristics and rules of the training of short-distance freestyle events are constantly deepened in order to provide more useful references for coaches and athletes in the design and guidance of short-distance freestyle events.By means of documentation,interviews,case analysis,mathematical statistics and logical analysis,this paper makes a comparative study of the training arrangement in Zhao Xianjian's preparation for the 13 th National Games,and analyses the stages,contents,methods and means of training,and the characteristics of training load arrangement in the large cycle,combining the characteristics of training and swimming specialty.Term theory draws the following conclusions:1.In 2014,Zhao Xianjian did not carry out systematic training for the whole year mainly because of injury and illness,and his competitive level declined relatively.Beginning in June 2015,under the guidance of coach Zhang Zishan,newtraining began,that is,from June 2015 to September 2017,the training cycle for Zhao Xianjian to prepare for the National Games.According to Zhao Xianjian's characteristics of being older and more injured,the training arrangement is mainly to practice while adjusting.In 2015 and 2016,through the mode of competition for training,the performance and state have not yet reached a stable state,entering the stage of gradual improvement in 2017,and the competitive state has also shown a steady rise.2.According to Zhao Xianjian's tasks and requirements during preparing for the National Games,the period of the Games is divided into four stages: basic recovery and improvement stage I,basic endurance recovery and improvement stage II,strengthening special ability stage and Pre-competition intensive training and adjustment stage.In the first half of each stage,the training content is arranged by the combination of four practices and one tune in two practices in the second half.Training and tune complement each other.The first two stages are mainly to develop general physical and aerobic endurance,the third stage is to strengthen special endurance and special strength,and the fourth stage is to adjust and attach importance to physiological and psychological changes.3.Stage I and II mainly develop aerobic endurance by continuous training and intermittent training.Stage III mainly develops special endurance by repetitive training and intermittent training.Pre-competition intensification mostly develops speed explosive force by repetitive training and sprint training.Pre-competition adjustment mostly uses continuous method to maintain aerobic endurance,while a small amount of sprint training.Land special strength develops by means of upper limb pulling,horse vaulting and comprehensive strength training,while water special strength develops by means of elastic tape traction and resistance clothing.The main content of speed training is to enhance speed sense by arranging short distance training,traction training and starting reaction speed training.Endurance training and special technical training run through the whole National Games cycle training content arrangement.4.In Zhao Xianjian's training load of each stage,the amount of training increased in stage I and II,and gradually decreased in stage III,showing the characteristics of structure from large to medium,then from medium to small.In terms of load intensity,the aerobic endurance was mainly developed by the strength of EN1 and EN2,the lactic acid endurance was developed by SP1,and the explosive trainingof SP3 was developed by SP3.In anaerobic training,the strength of SP3 accounted for most of the anaerobic strength.5.Zhao Xianjian has quick reaction and strong explosive force.His underwater taxiing(freestyle is underwater butterfly leg)has obvious technical effect.The swimming movements on the way out of the water are well connected.Because the training time for preparing for battle is short and the training in anaerobic ability has not reached the required effect in the competition,the fluency and maintenance of the later technical movements are also weak and the maintenance and arrival of the acceleration ability and maximum speed.Sprint speed is relatively weak.In the50-meter freestyle,the stroke effect is better,but the stroke frequency is slower.The combination of the two does not reach an ideal point,which has a certain impact on the speed of the swimming.