Research On The Cultivation Of Liberal Arts Postgraduates' Problem Consciousness

In February 2019,the "China's Education Modernization 2035 plan " issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council pointed out that we should improve cultivation process of first-class talents and their innovation capability.Problem consciousness is an important component of innovation ability,one of the personal key skills assets of the 21 st century,and the core theme of new skill needs.It can enable students to discover,think and solve problems creatively,and make students more creative and enterprising.Postgraduates are an important reserve of high-level national talents.if we improve Postgraduates' skills and attitudes related to problem consciousness,such as cognitive level,practical ability,curiosity,learning interest,thinking ability,innovation and so on.It not only prepares students for their future life,but also lays a talent foundation for the country's prosperity and strength.However,the survey found that the status quo of current postgraduates' problem consciousness is generally not optimistic,and the weak level of problem consciousness is bound to have a negative impact on the quality of higher education.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of postgraduates' problem consciousness.Firstly,based on the overview of relevant theories,the connotation of problem consciousness is clarified through two complementary definitions of problem consciousness.Based on the theory of Confluence Approach and Cognitive Behaviorism,the four influential factors of problem consciousness are constructed,namely cognitive factors,motivation factors,emotional factors and environmental factors.Among them,cognitive factors are preconditions for the generation of problem consciousness,motivational factors are powerful driving forces,emotional factors are safeguards,environmental factors are the basis,and interaction of four factors promotes the development of problem consciousness.On this basis,thegeneral mechanism diagram of the problem consciousness process is produced to objectively describe the process of problem consciousness and the interaction mechanism of the four influential factors,thus building the theoretical framework of this research.Secondly,based on the theoretical research,the questionnaires and interview outlines of the liberal arts postgraduates' problem consciousness are designed,and the status quo of the graduate students' problem consciousness is obtained from three aspects: basic information,current situation investigation and influencing factors investigation.With the help of Lickett's five-level scale method,the present situation survey is conducted in A University from six dimensions: problem finding,problem raising,critical consciousness,speculative spirit,inquiry spirit and innovative consciousness.The mean interval estimation method is used to objectively analyze the current situation survey data.It is found that the current level of graduate students' problem consciousness is general,and the level of problem consciousness >intention > behavior.Then,combined with the theoretical research and empirical findings,the reasons for the possibility of a weak level of postgraduate problem consciousness are discussed.Cognitive barriers,emotional barriers,and cultural barriers are important reasons for the weak level of problem consciousness of graduate students.Finally,guided by the structure of the four major influencing factors,the paper puts forward corresponding cultivating suggestions from four aspects: improving cognitive level,enhancing learning motivation,strengthening emotional support and creating excellent environment,so as to enhance the contribution of the four major influencing factors to problem consciousness.Graduate students should by broadening the knowledge background,deepening the knowledge reserve;basing on social reality,enhancing practical experience;strengthening thinking training and improving thinking quality to improve cognitive level.By strengthening motivation,enhancing the desire for knowledge;actively discovering and enhancing inquiry interest;boldlyimagining,inspiring creativity to enhance learning motivation.By hardening will quality,overcoming inertia;breaking the bondage of authority,promoting unknown openness;grasping the opportunity to create,daring to meet challenges to strengthen the emotional support of problem consciousness.By improving teachers' teaching,creating an excellent school education environment to support problem consciousness,improving parenting style,creating a good family education environment,enhancing social support and creating a good social and cultural environment to create an excellent environment,in order to enhance the contribution of families,schools and social environment to the cultivation of problem consciousness.