Research On The Haikou Female Fertility Desire Under The Background Of Universal Two-child Policy

Since the establishment of People's Republic of China in 1949,the population fertility policy in our country can be divided into three levels:"encouraging fertility","family planning,and "universal two-child,".The emergence of each level must be accompanied by changes in the social background of the population.In order to deal with social problems,such as the aging of the population,the shortage of the labor force population and the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend,China officially launched the"universal two-child" policy on January 1st 2016,hoping to improve the fertility situation in our country,raise the fertility rate,optimize the population structure,and promote the balanced development of the population.In the background of the "universal two-child"policy,the research of women's fertility desire and influencing factors has important significance in theory and practice.This paper takes Haikou City as an example.First of all,by analyzing the basic situation of Haikou population,we can know the population structure of Haikou city belongs to the modern type of "low birth rate,low mortality and low natural growth rate",and it is the rightful opportunity for Haikou to implement the "universal two-child" policy.Secondly,through the combination of case interviews and questionnaires,the research and analysis show that the aging of Haikou population is still severe,and the desire of women to have a second child is not very high.Results of the survey show that 52.3%respondents are not willing to have two-child,41%respondents are willing to have two-child,other situations account for 15.7%,including don't have a good idea and let thing goes and so on.Thirdly,by analyzing the influencing factors of female fertility desire,it is not difficult to find that the factors affecting female fertility desire in Haikou City are mainly personal factors,fertility costs,social security,social culture and so on.Finally,the author puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for these factors.The first is to play a policy-oriented role,the second is to improve the supporting measures of fertility,the third is to safeguard the rights and interests of female employment,and the fourth is to lighten the burden of caring for families with re-childbearing.It is hoped that through these means,improve the women's desire to have a second child in Haikou City,fully promote the progress of the universal“two-child”policy and boost the healthy development of the population and environment in Haikou.