Research On Occupational Expectation Of Youth In Urban And Rural Areas And Its Enlightenment On Youth Social Work

Helping young people to establish appropriate career expectations is one of the important aspects of youth social work.In the context of the urban-rural dual system,there are significant gaps in urban and rural adolescents in all aspects.What are the characteristics of rural adolescents' career expectations in the process of receiving vocational education,and how do families,schools and peer groups shape their professions?Based on this,this study starts from the theoretical perspective of cultural capital,and conducts depth interviews with 20 first-year-old teenagers between the ages of 15 and 18 in the Shanghai Z secondary vocational school.Through theoretical research to understand the basic situation oftheir career expectations and explore the family in depth.The impact of the three micro-systems of schools and peer groups on adolescent career expectations.Based on this,the proposal of social work professional services to improve the cultural capital shortage of rural youth is proposed.The study found that the occupational expectations of urban and rural adolescents showed different characteristics,showed the characteristics of diversity and unity in the types of occupational expectations,and showed the characteristics of clarity and ambiguity in the cognition of occupational expectations.It presents the characteristics of specificity and generality in the career expectation preparation plan,and presents the characteristics of interest and instrumentality in the motivation of career expectation.Through depth exploration,the main reason for the difference between the two is that there are differences in the amount of cultural capital,the scope of knowledge,and the channels for obtaining professional information.Based on this,the author starts from the micro-system with the most frequent contact among the three teenagers,family,school and peer group.It is analyzed that the family is the logical starting point.Parents' behaviors,lifestyles and other habits will inadvertently infect young people.The degree of education and occupation also directly determine the quantity and type of cultural capital available to adolescents.The above shapes the career expectation motives of urban adolescents' interest orientation and the career expectation motives of rural adolescents' practical orientation.School as a spatial structure,the selection of class cadres with class marks,the precise teaching language,and the complex curriculum content have prompted rural youth to focus on learning and to link learning into the preparation plan for career expectations.The above has shaped the rural occupational expectations preparation plan for rural youth.Peer group as an important person,it is difficult to have deep interaction between the two because of the identity gap.The information asymmetry and information lag generated in this process limit the understanding and exploration of rural adolescents for more occupations.Occupational expectations type and ambiguous occupational cognition.Based on the above findings,the author puts forward suggestions for improving the cultural capital shortage of rural youth in social work professional services.The main contents include:setting up a social work service platform at the family level to make up for the shortcomings of vocational education;linking enterprises and other resources at the school level To expand the form of vocational education in schools;to carry out growth mutual aid groups at the level of peer groups,to clear the channels of information exchange between urban and rural adolescents;and to carry out professional services to enhance the self-efficacy of rural adolescents through individual case methods at the individual level.