A Historical Study On Chinese Foreign Educational Aid Before Reform And Opening Up(1949-1978)

Chinese foreign aid education started in the early days of foundation.There a re nearly 30 years before Reform and Opening up.The history of foreign educati on aid show that respect for state sovereignty and non-interference in other countr ies' affairs,treat each other sincerely and aid effectiveness is the basic of equality.It is a strong driving force to promote the development of bilateral relations con stantly.And it is an important bridge and the link to maintain the friendship betwe en the two sides.After World War ?,a large number of countries achieved national independence,but due to the influence of the "Cold War",they could not focus on their o wn economic construction and development.As the largest developing country in t he Socialist Camp,China shares the same fate with the majority of the Third Wo rld Countries.Based on this,China actively carries out foreign aid.As an importa nt part of foreign aid,educational aid plays an important role in maintaining the strong development momentum of recipient countries.In our country in line with the principle of "common development" to the recipient to provide various forms of education aid,including receiving foreign students and providing them with sch olarships,rebuilding schools with teaching equipment and materials,sending aid e xperts and teachers,training teachers and interns of recipient countries in China,a nd so on,in order to cultivate and transport a large number of personnel for the recipient.This research to the practice of China's foreign education aid between 1949 a nd 1978 as the research object,from the perspective of historical development,us ing literature analysis,historical study method to our country by foreign education assistance during this period is analyzed and discussed,focus on the historical fa cts of foreign education assistance and aid effect,for this period of foreign educat ion aid a sorting and discussed systematically,and to reflect on and summarizes t he experiences and lessons of the 30 years of foreign education aid,and then to the current foreign education assistance to provide some useful thinking direction.In addition to the introduction,the main contents include:Is a foreign education assistance during this period is divided into three majo r periods,the main division is based on the international and domestic backgroun d,political factors,respectively--foreign education aid in the early years of the founding of the early stage(1949-1956),three big transformations period--foreig n education aid development stage(1956-1966),the cultural revolution-foreign e ducation aid frustration stage(1966-1978).These three specific stages adopted diff erent foreign aid measures respectively have unique characteristics of foreign aid.Second,the specific forms of foreign education aid in this period are deeply analyzed and discussed.It is found that receiving foreign students is the most co mmon and largest form of foreign education aid.In practice,a unified manageme nt system for foreign students is gradually formed.Few schools were built,but th ey played an important role for the recipient countries.Teachers have a long histo ry and strict selection.They represent the image of China and bring advanced tec hnology and culture to the recipient countries.Interns and short-term trainees,alth ough the training time is short,are the solution to the "urgent need" for the recip ient countries in urgent need of construction talents.Third,the overall situation of foreign education aid in this period is reviewed,and the four distinctive features of China's foreign education aid are concluded.Aid mainly to neighboring countries and widely sought;Aid philosophy does not interfere in the internal affairs of other countries;The forms of assistance vary ac cording to local conditions.Finally,this paper analyzes and summarizes the whole text,and also reflects on the advantages and disadvantages of China's foreign educational aid.It is belie ved that foreign education aid must attach importance to the construction of mech anism,adhere to the principle of equality,mutual benefit and common developme nt,take the actual situation of both sides into full consideration,maximize the eff ect of aid,and put foreign education aid in the framework of the overall strategic goal of the country.