Study On The Improvement Of Suzhou Old-style Private School In The First Half Of The 20th Century

Old-style private school is one of the important institutions to promote traditional Chinese education,and it is an important place for enlightenment for children.By the Ming and Qing Dynasties,old-style private school had spread throughout urban and rural areas,and old-style private school had reached its peak.When the new-style primary school was promoted nationwide in the late Qing Dynasty and even the Republic of China,the old-style private school as the old-style education did not disappear immediately.Because new-style primary schools were difficult to promote for a while,and old-style private school could not be banned for a while,a situation in which new-style primary schools and old-style private school coexisted was formed.In order to popularize primary education,change the teaching mode of old-style private school,and transform old-style private school into new-type primary schools,old-style private school improvement activities have emerged.Old-style private school improvement activities were first initiated by the people in the late Qing Dynasty,people spontaneously organize Old-style Private School Improvement Association and call for old-style private school improvement.Then,in 1910,the“Provisions on the Improvement of Old-style Private Schools”was promulgated by the Xuebu,and old-style private school improvement activities were officially launched.Since 1904,Liangqi Shen,a member of the Jiangsu Academic Affairs Office,established the Old-style Private School Improvement Association in Suzhou.and the end of the founding of the People's Republic of China,the old-style private school improvement activities in Suzhou have continued for nearly half a century.The improvement of old-style private school in Suzhou is roughly divided into four stages:First,the starting period from 1904 to 1911.At this stage,the main force of old-style private school improvement was concentrated in the Old-style Private School Improvement Association.However,as an official institution of private management,the persuasion institute had limited results.Second,the promotion period from 1912 to 1926.At this stage,the Beiyang government began to require registration of old-style private school and examined old-style private school teachers.Third,the heyday period form 1927 to 1936.This stage is the most effective period for old-style private school improvement activities.The government has passed laws to clarify various requirements for old-style private school improvement,such as standardizing old-style private school standards,and organizing a Propaganda Week of old-style private school improvement.Fourth,the extension period from 1937 to 1949.Due to the conflict at this stage,most of the policies for improving old-style private school were the continuation of the third stage.On the eve of liberation,old-style private schools were partially converted into schools and some were banned.The improvement of old-style private school in Suzhou started early,took a long time,and was exemplary.Although in the process of reform,they encountered resistance problems such as the resistance of teachers and the resistance of the public,but the improved old-style private school gradually became primary,with more obvious results.The changes in old-style private school in Suzhou in the first half of the 20th century are representative of the country and are the epitome of the improvement of old-style private school in the country.