| Objective:With the purpose of helping college students to choose an appropriate speed,adjust their movement posture and adjust to sports equipments in walking and jogging,this study focuses on comparing and analyzing the characteristics of pelvic kinematics,relevant surface electromyography level and plantar pressure distribution in the course of walking and jogging at regular speed namely self-selected speed for considering that to an extent,changes in position and joint angles of pelvic during exercise have effect on the distribution of plantar pressure and the muscles strength around pelvis.Methods:This study was completed in the Engineering Technology Research Center of Sports Auxiliaries of Guangzhou Sports University.Participants wore uniform experimental shoes.Twenty-six undergraduate students from Guangzhou Sports University were recruited as research subjects,and had been injury-free for at least 12 months prior.Among them,18 students who majored in 100 meters dash and had the secondary standard or above athletes' certificates were regarded as professional group.Using the Brower infrared speedometer,the participants were given the speed at which they were walking and jogging at habitual normal speed,as set speeds on the treadmill.The participants performed habitual walking and jogging on Zebris treadmill with built-in foot pressure test board,and simultaneously collected indicators such as kinematics,electromyography and plantar pressure.By deriving kinematic parameters to VISUAL3 D analysis software from VICON NEXUS software,data on center of mass-Z and center of mass-X,the change of the dimension of the pelvic three-axis and angular acceleration and the angle of rotation of foot were obtained in a gait cycle.Zebris analysis software exported the percentage of the time maximum force value of seven zones of stance time,the maximum force value of plantar stance time,Cadence,double-stride time and other indicators data.The EMGWORKS ANALYSIS software derived the RMS value and the IEMG value of two sides of Latissimus dorsi,Mesoglutaeus,Adductor and Ectogluteus.The data were represented by mean±standard deviation and analyzed by the ANOVA analysis of SPSS22.0.Results:(1)Pelvis kinematics:·Center of mass-Z: Jogging had a greater impact than walking at self-selected speed.The difference was of great significant(P<0.01).On the comparison of professional level: There was a big change in female general group compared with the female professional group when they were jogging,the difference was of great significant(P<0.01).The difference between male general group and male professional group when they were jogging was significant(P<0.05).·Center of mass-X: Walking at a self-selected speed had more influence than jogging and the difference was of great significant(P<0.01).On the comparison of professional level: There was a big change in female general group compared with female professional group when they were walking,and the difference was of great significant(P<0.01).When it comes to walking,there was gender difference in general group(P<0.01),especially the female.· Pelvis Angular acceleration: Jogging had a greater impact than walking at self-selected speed.The difference was of great significant(P<0.01).On the comparison of professional level: There was a big change in the female general group compared with the female professional group when they were jogging,and the difference was of great significant(P<0.01).When it comes to jogging,there was gender difference in the general group(P<0.01),especially the female.·Dimension of pelvic three-axis: Jogging had a great influence on the anteroposterior inclination of pelvis.The difference was of great significant(P<0.01).On the comparison of professional level: The changes of pelvic swing(Y-axis direction)and pelvic rotation(Z-axis direction)in general group when walking were significantly higher than those in professional group(P = 0.007,P = 0.000.).When it comes to walking,there was gender difference in general group(P<0.01),especially the female.(2)Plantar pressure:·Stance phase of walking: The area where the maximum force value was found in the general group of female was the toe area.The maximum force value of male in general group,male and female in professional groups were distributed in medial forefoot.The maximum force value of the right interior heel area of the professional group showed a gender difference,and the male were more significant(P<0.05).·Stance phase of jogging: The maximum force value of the left interior forefoot area of the professional group showed a gender difference,and the male were more significant(P<0.05).(3)Electromyography: The total amount of muscle discharge of Latissimus dorsi and Mesoglutaeus in the professional group were significantly higher than that in the general group when they were jogging(P < 0.05).Gender differences were found in both groups.The total amount of muscle discharges of Latissimus dorsi(P < 0.05)and Ectogluteus(P < 0.01)were significantly higher in female than in male,and those of Mesoglutaeus in male were significantly higher than in female(P < 0.05).Conclusion:(1)Pelvis kinematics:The results of this study suggest that the interaction between running experience and gender affects the range of gravity swing.Compared with the professional runners,the freshmen have larger torso swing range,which reflects the economy of energy metabolism of professional runners.(2)Plantar pressure:Female runners without running experience tend to use their toes to grasp the ground when they are walking on the treadmill.The maximum force value of the professional runners in stance phase is distributed in the medial forefoot,which indicates that it is related to the running mode of the daily competitive competition.(3)Electromyography:Compared with those without jogging experience,professional runners have significantly more muscle motor units in Latissimus dorsi,Mesoglutaeus,Adductor and Ectogluteus.Especially when they are jogging,the total amount of muscle discharge in both sides of Latissimus dorsi and Mesoglutaeus is more significant,suggesting that professional runners have better pelvic stability in low-speed jogging.Finally,the study is significantly in gender differences in parameters of center of mass-X,Dimension of pelvic three-axis,pelvic angular acceleration and angle of rotation of foot,maximum force value of plantar stance phase,RMS and IEMG. |
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