Action Study On Design And Implementation Of Outdoor Activities In Forest Kindergartens

Nowadays,children's distance with nature has gradually separated day by day,living in the environment of overlearning.More and more children are suffering from diseases caused by obesity,lack of concentration and lack of outdoor exercise.Therefore,the forest kindergarten which attaches great importance to the learning process and practice of outdoor activities has attracted more and more attention from governments and educational experts.However,it is impossible to directly copy the design model of foreign forest kindergarten,considering the use value of urban land in Chongqing and the regionality and convenience of establishing kindergartens.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the outdoor design model of forest kindergarten which is suitable for the present situation of Chongqing.Based on children's physical and mental development characteristics and ways of thinking,this study designs outdoor activities for Chongqing S forest kindergarten on the basis of designed theory in a natural education idea and the ternary interaction theory as the theoretical support designed to provide the reference for the future,regarding a natural education idea and the ternary interaction theory as the theoretical support,the system investigation and analysis of the forest kindergarten outdoor activities,on the basis of systematic investigation and analysis of outdoor activity design theory of forest kindergarten,of Chongqing S forest kindergarten outdoor activities to carry on the design practice,forest kindergarten outdoor activities designed to provide the reference for the future.In the introduction of the study,the first part is about the cause,including three aspects that are the important part of children's daily life at the time of outdoor activities,the gradual separating between children and outdoor natural environment,and the reflection of kindergarten practice.The second is about the related research on forest kindergarten,outdoor activities and activity design.The third part is about the concept definition of forest kindergarten,outdoor activities and activity design.The fourth part is about the purpose and significance of this study.The fifth part is about the theoretical basis of this study,including the theory of naturalistic education theory and the theory of ternary interactive decision.This study is mainly divided into six parts.The first part is about the research on the theory of outdoor activity design about forest kindergarten.The author summarizes the design principles of outdoor activities in fores kindergarten through the analysis of domestic and foreign forest kindergarten,including five principles which are nature,openness,safety,exploration and environmental protection and the implementation elements of outdoor activities in forest kindergarten,including spacious natural environment,safety protection,mixed age class mode and generative curriculum.The second part is about the investigation of the present situation about outdoor activities in S forestkindergarten in Chongqing.The first item is to discuss the principles of outdoor activity design of S forest kindergarten,including the principles of native,experience and environmental protection.The second item is to summarize the factors of outdoor activities in S forest kindergarten,including the formulating of activity plans,safety protection and the combination of traditional kindergarten and outdoor ground.The third item is about to explore the educational value of outdoor activities of S forest kindergarten,and it is stated from three aspects which are meeting the needs of children's physical and mental development,improving the organizational ability of participating teachers and promoting the improvement of national quality.The fourth item is to find out some problems about the outdoor activities in the kindergarten,including the lack of planning for the use of the activity site,the activity safety protection to be improved,the children's activity time is not guaranteed,the teaching content is not exploratory and open,the teacher's guidance strategy to be improved,the concept and behavior of educators are inconsistent and so on.The third part is about research design.The first item is the selection of research situation,according to the practice situation of S forest kindergarten and the meeting of paper needs,including the determination of research institute,research object,cooperators and researchers.The second item is the research method,This study adopted the action research method in order to solve the confusion in practice.The research proceeds according to the Spiraling research which is observation,planning,action,reflection,re-planning,re-action...,stating the methods of collecting data in action research that are documentary method,observation method and interview method.The final item is the research process which can be divided into five stages: the data preparation stage,the research plan stage,the implementation of action research stage,the data collection and collation stage and the paper writing stage.The fourth part is the implementation process of action research.The first stage is the integration of outdoor activity field,designing the outdoor theme phase of "visiting the tree" using natural materials and seasons as clues and three outdoor activities are held in this phase.The second stage is the improvement of the details of outdoor activities,improving and perfecting outdoor design details based on the first stage and three outdoor activities are held in this phase.The fifth part is about the evaluation of action research.The first item is the formulating of outdoor activities evaluation reference table in S forest kindergarten;The second item is the evaluation of this research,including activity summary reflection,and the growth of children(related to six aspects:confidence,social skills,language and skills,motivation and focus,physical skills and knowledge and understanding)The sixth part is the results and recommendations.The first item is the research conclusion,including the supervision and support of the kindergarten are the guarantee of the activity,the site planning is the condition of the activity,the teachers are the key to the activity,and the parents are the powerful assistant of the activity.The second item is the research suggestions,including making outdoor activity guide,findingthe balance between activity safety and challenge,improving teachers' ability of outdoor guidance,use the advantages of the surroundings rationally and promoting home cooperation actively.