Research On The Influence Of Children's Gender On Entrepreneurship Of Rural Residents In China

In the process of rural economic development and transformation in our country,encouraging rural residents to start businesses is of great significance for driving farmers' income,promoting sustainable development of the rural economy,and promoting rural revitalization.Continuous research and discussion on how to promote rural entrepreneurs' entrepreneurship is still A very important research question.It is worth noting that in the past 30 years,the sex ratio of the birth population in China has continued to be high,and there have been more serious imbalances in the population structure.As these queues with high sex ratios have entered the marriage market,the marriage squeeze facing men has become increasingly prominent.As the pressure on marriage competition and mating costs faced by boy families continues to increase,such marriage prospects may have an important impact on the decision-making and behavior of rural residents.The main idea of this article is: In the context of gender imbalance,the competition between men in the marriage market is becoming more and more fierce,which causes the cost of marriage(especially the cost faced by boys' families)to rise.In the current China,a large part of the expenditure for marriage depends on the financial support of the parents.In rural areas,parents of boys' families have to allocate most of their homes,including houses and other properties to boys,or spend tens of thousands of yuan to build new houses for boys.The growth rate of marriage expenditure has exceeded the growth rate of farmers' income,and many farmers have difficulty in affording high marriage costs.In order to increase the competitiveness of sons in marriage and accumulate wealth in advance to cope with the pressure of large expenditures in the future,boy families may have a stronger incentive to start entrepreneurial activities.This article is based on the perspective of intergenerational contact between Chinese families,mainly examining the impact of children's gender on rural residents' entrepreneurship and its internal mechanism,by using the three phases of data from China Comprehensive Social Survey(CGSS)in 2012,2013 and 2015,Using the Probit model to empirically test this,and further explored the influence of children's gender on parents in different regions,ages,income levels,and different types of entrepreneurship.The results of the study found that having a boy in the family would significantly increase the probability of rural residents starting a business.This conclusion is still robust after replacing estimation methods,adding variables,and overcoming potential endogenous problems.From the perspective of entrepreneurial type,this incentive effect is mainly reflected in survival-type entrepreneurial activities,and there is no significant positive impact on opportunistic entrepreneurship;from the characteristics of parents,it is the most significant impact on low-income groups between 40-55 years old From the perspective of regional characteristics,there is a significant difference in the impact of children's gender on entrepreneurship.In the central region,boys have a significant positive impact on residents' entrepreneurship,while in the eastern region with a relatively higher economic level,it is significantly negative.influences.The analysis of the impact mechanism shows that: in places where the gender ratio is more imbalanced(marriage match competition is greater),or for rural residents with lower family economic levels(marriage match cost affordability),the impact of boys on rural residents' entrepreneurship is more significant.In summary,it also gives some policy implications: on the one hand,the current situation of gender imbalances will continue to exist for a period of time in the future,and the government should actively improve the existing entrepreneurial environment and actively guide more families to conduct benign Entrepreneurship injects vitality into economic development;on the other hand,the gender imbalance will bring a series of social problems,which are not in line with the law of long-term development.The government needs to improve the gender imbalance problem through appropriate methods.At the same time,the government needs Through the improvement of the entrepreneurial environment,more families(whether boys or girls)are encouraged to establish the motivation and awareness to enhance their social status and competitiveness,and to avoid the entrepreneurial will and economic development being weakened by the improvement of the imbalance of the gender ratio.