Study On The Current Situation And Countermeasures Of New Professional Farmers Cultivation

In view of the contradiction between the rapid development of agricultural modernization and the shortage of talents in rural areas,it proposed the concept of“ new professional farmers”firstly in the No.1 Central Document of 2012.In the following 8 years,the cultivation of new professional farmers has been focused on the No.1 Central Document.The cultivation of new professional farmers is the key to solve the problem of "who will farm the land" in our country,and it an important measure to promote the transformation of agricultural science and technology.In 2012,the ministry of agriculture launched a pilot program to cultivate a new type of professional farmer in 100 counties,with the main task of exploring a new type of professional farmer education and training model,formulating identification methods and establishing a policy support system.The ministry of agriculture on the basis of carrying out pilot work,in 2014 officially launched the new professional farmers cultivating engineering,to family farms,farmers cooperatives,agricultural enterprises and socialized service organizations such as the backbone of the new type of agricultural production operators to farmers as key object,constructing education training,decision management and policy support system in the cultivation of "trinity",cultivating new type of professional farmers 2 million people,for the modern agriculture construction development provide strong support.The national capacity building plan for cultivating conditions for new-type professional farmers(2014-2020)has been compiled.By exploring and studying in the recent years,Sichuan chongzhou,Beijing agricultural broadcasting school,jiangsu taicang and other typical demonstration sites have sprung up.However,there is a certain gap between the goal of cultivating a large number of technical farmers with well education and good operation.Hebei province is located in the north China plain,known as the "granary of the north".It have rich vegetation.Shijiazhuang is the capital of Hebei province.Bring two major natural landform advantages of the north China plain and Taihang mountain together,it has become one of the major grain,vegetable,meat,egg and fruit producing areas in China.The agricultural intensification and industrialization level of Shijiazhuang is higher,which has typical significance to this research.This paper focuses on the investigation of training methods and training intentions of farmers in Shijiazhuang.Through the quantitative and qualitativeanalysis,and puts forward suggestions and countermeasures to provide ideas for the cultivation of new professional farmers in Hebei province.1.This study investigated the cultivation of new professional farmers in Shijiazhuang by collecting and sorting the domestic and foreign literature,using the methods of literature review,investigation and statistical analysis.This paper focuses on the analysis of typical demonstration sites such as Sichuan Chongzhou,Beijing agricultural broadcasting school,Jiangsu Taicang,Shanxi Anyang and typical cases of vocational education of farmers in the United States,Canada,the European Union,Australia,South Korea and Japan.Combining with the current situation of farmers' training in Shijiazhuang and the investigation and analysis of farmers' training,Suggestions and countermeasures are put forward for new professional farmers.2.Through the data analysis of questionnaires survey in Shijiazhuang,the present situation of cultivating new professional farmers in Shijiazhuang was studied.First,the development level in Shijiazhuang countryside was analyzed from factors such as geographical conditions,per capita income,education level,urban and rural residents' disposable income and living expenses.Shijiazhuang is mainly home to four or five people at home,the labor force in 2 or 3 people.Second,through the investigation of the cultural level of farmers,the number of family labor force,the income level and the composition of family income,the author analyzes the cultural quality level of farmers and the composition of family labor force in Shijiazhuang.By collating the data of production guidance,information and technology sources in the process of farmer training,the author analyzes the training subject composition in Shijiazhuang farmer training.By studying the factors such as training time,training demand,training place and training cost that farmers can accept,the training methods that accord with farmers' wishes are analyzed from the perspective of farmers.Most farmers are willing to receive training in the production process and production site.By investigating the limiting factors that farmers encounter in training,the obstacles encountered in the process of farmer training are summarized.In the survey,only 30% of the peasant households think that the training effect is significant,but the training effect is not obvious,the network utilization rate is not high,the training method is not ideal,the training goal is notaccurate become limiting factors.Through the analysis of the factors such as the purpose of the training,the training effect and the government function,the training effect of farmers was obtained.Thirdly,through the regression analysis of farmers' basic conditions and training intention(age and training time,years of education and training expenses,annual income and training times),it is found that farmers' income,age and years of education affect training intention,providing us with a consideration factor in the selection of training objects.There is a positive correlation between them.It is suggested that in the process of training,the basic conditions of farmers should be taken into account to improve the training quality.3.Through in-depth analysis of the national conditions of four typical countries,such as North America represented by the United States,Western Europe represented by Germany,east Asia represented by Japan and the brics countries represented by Brazil.The development process of vocational farmer education,the promulgation of national policies and the implementation of laws,this study explores the common ground among the four countries and proposes effective policies and measures for China.Finally,through the legal and scientific cultivation system of professional farmers,effective policies and measures for China are put forward from the aspects of macro financial guarantee and improving credit support.4.Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of 351 data in Shijiazhuang and the discussion of typical practice cases at home and abroad,the author summarizes the experience,propose the selection of training objects,clarify the functions of training objects,formulate the training content that conforms to both the needs of farmers and the development law of farmers,optimize the macro environment,and establish the farmers' security system.The purpose of this study is to avoid the unconditional training of "one size fits all" in the process of cultivating new professional farmers.Farmers in need and ability should be selected for training.By optimizing the training environment,we can establish an environment suitable for the cultivation of new professional farmers in terms of policies,laws and regulations,and effectively utilize government functions,school resources,social forces and other functions to promote the efficient and orderly training of new professional farmers.