A Research On Fuxing Mandarin Textbook(5-8volumes)by Chinese Primary Schools In Singapore In The 1950s

The research object of this paper is Fuxing Mandarin Textbook(5-8)of Nanyang(Southeast Asian)overseas Chinese primary school in Singapore in the 1950 s.Originally published by the Commercial Press in 1933,the textbook was introduced to Singapore in 1938 and edited according to the revised curriculum standards of the mainland.It is applicable to Nanyang huaqiao primary school.In 1949,the revised edition was published by the Singapore Commercial Press after examination by the ministry of education of the United Malaya State of Singapore.Volume 1-4 of Fuxing Mandarin Textbook has been studied by Gao Manman(2019),so this paper studies volume 5-8 of Fuxing Mandarin Textbook,which is aimed at students in grade 3 and 4.This paper is divided into seven chapters:Chapter one is introduction.This paper summarizes the research object,research significance and research status,briefly introduces the education history,teaching research and textbook research in Singapore and Malaysia,and also summarizes the research of the mainland edition of Fuxing Mandarin Textbook,and introduces the theories,methods and corpus sources used.Chapter two is a new examination of the background of the book.This chapter makes a further research on the background of Fuxing Mandarin Textbook from the publisher,the background of The Times and the supplementary discussion of the reference edition.And it will briefly introduce the style of the whole set of books.It is inferred that the Fuxing Mandarin Textbook(1937)is a true reference book,and the5-8 volumes continue the characteristics of combining the knowledge,pertinence,interest and practicality of the first 4 volumes,but in terms of grammar knowledge and content understanding,it is more difficult.The Chapter three studies the selected articles.This chapter discusses the topicand genre of Fuxing Mandarin Textbook(5-8)from the categories to the features of the arrangement.The textbook is rich in topics and provide different discourse background.The genres of the four volumes mainly include narrative,expository,practical text,poetry and drama,with particular emphasis on narrative.The choice of genres provided by the textbooks is diverse,but students' exact grasp and in-depth practice are still to be discussed.Chapter four is vocabulary research.This chapter analyzes the core vocabulary features,topic vocabulary features and vocabulary teaching methods of the textbook.The learning of core vocabulary reflects the learning concept of "words first" and replaces the learning of Chinese characters in the first four volumes.But overall it is more difficult.The topic vocabulary takes the text as the carrier to extend the study,highlights the life and the culture.Thus,it achieved the purpose of cultural preservation,watering down the political color and adapting to the country of expatriation.For the study of core vocabulary and topic vocabulary,morpheme extension,whole word and block teaching,aggregation and semantic field teaching and context teaching are mainly adopted.Chapter five focuses on grammar research.This chapter sorts out the key parts of speech and sentence patterns of Fuxing Mandarin Textbook(5-8),mainly analyzes quantifiers and conjunctions.The surge in the number of words in 5-8 volumes and the requirements for sentence learning have brought changes to key parts of speech,enough to see the changes in other words.Besides,this chapter analyzes and discusses the key sentence patterns of"shi"sentence(“?”??),"existential"sentence(???),"ba"sentence(“?”??),"bei"sentence(???)and"lian"sentence(“?”??).The study of sentence patterns is appropriately arranged according to the number and difficulty,and it is more difficult than the first 4 volumes to add new sentence patterns or equivalent sentence patterns.Chapter six is research on practice.This chapter analyzes the amount and type of questions in the after-class exercises and unit exercises of Fuxing Mandarin Textbook(5-8).Volume 1-4 do not have exercises at the end of text.Volume 5-8 add exercises with questions as the main type as a supplementary exercise to understand the text,but the exercise type is relatively single.The exercises are relatively simple.Volume1-4 focus on memorizing words and phrases,while Volume 5-8 improve students' ability to compose sentences.However,it pays attention to the written text and ignores the practical life.Chapter seven is evaluation.This textbook is an emergency textbook after the war.It was of certain significance to promote the mother tongue learning in Chinese schools at that time,and some of its own characteristics also fit the contemporary Chinese language education.However,it may not be appropriate for overseas Chinese children to live in a multilingual environment with the requirement of mainland Chinese primary schools.There are some problems,such as the lack of comprehensive function in practice,the excessive emphasis on teachers' dominance and the weakening of students' subjectivity,as well as the excessive and difficult teaching materials.