| Industrial transfer is an important economic phenomenon among countries or regions at different levels of economic development.It has an important influence on the adjustment of industrial structure and the coordinated development of regional economy.China is a big manufacturing country,and labor-intensive industries constitute a major part of the manufacturing industry.The textile industry,as a representative of China's traditional labor-intensive industries,is not only the pillar industry of China's people's livelihood,but also the leading industry of regional transfer.This article examines the related research of industry transfer and textile industry transfer,and it is concluded that there is a lack of analysis of the interregional transfer and influencing factors of the textile industry and its subdivided industries.Therefore,this paper first proposes the theoretical hypotheses related to factors affecting the interregional transfer of the textile industry based on the theory of new economic geography combined with factor endowment theory,location theory,and etc;Secondly,we measure quantitatively the degree of aggregation of textile industry and its subdivided industries at different scales in China by constructing two-dimensional location quotients of the textile industry and industrial agglomeration index,and use GIS software to visualize them,and analyze the industry's interregional transfer path with changes in the industrial center;Finally,this paper constructs a panel measurement model,and uses Stata software to empirically analyze the influence factors of the two-digit textile industry in China in the period 1999-2014 and the three types of textile industry in the period 1999-2009 to find out the commonness and differences in the factors affecting the textile industry as a whole and within its industry.The results show:(1)Overall,China's textile industry has developed rapidly since the reform and opening up.During the period from 1999 to 2015,it showed the characteristics of agglomeration from the midwest to the east,and then gradually westward.The textile industry in Tianjin,Beijing,and Shanghai has made great efforts to shift out.Among which,Henan,Hubei and other places in the central region are mainly,and Xinjiang,Ningxia and Inner Mongolia in the western region have also accepted some transfers in the textile industry.However,the textile industry showed a strong stickiness in the process of the westward advancement.Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shandong and Fujian in the eastern region are still the development highland of China's textile industry,which indicates that the large-scale textile industry transfer in China has not occurred;(2)The spatial shift of three-digit the textile industry shows the characteristics of large-scale spatial transfer,transfer between neighboring provinces,inter-provincial transfer between cities,and non-significant spatial pattern changes.Specifically,the large-scale spatial transfer of cotton,chemical fiber and printing and dyeing processing industries was significant before 2009.Eastern Weifang,Shandong,Shaoxing,Zhejiang,and other places have developed rapidly due to their strong agglomeration forces,while the central and western regions have been shrinking.Afterwards,it was mainly transferred between the neighboring cities in the province,and the performance of Zhejiang was particularly prominent;The wool textile and dyeing and finishing industries,needle weaving and its products manufacturing are mainly transferred between the neighboring cities in the province.The former collectively gathered in many cities in western Inner Mongolia and Ningxia,and the latter occurred mainly in Jiangsu and Zhejiang,and mostly transferred from the more developed cities in the province to the less developed cities;Silk-wool textiles and finishing and manufacture of finished textile products exhibit the characteristics of transfer between adjacent provinces.The former's production overall concentrates in the central and western regions and forms a number of dispersed “central-periphery” structures,and the latter is mainly transferred from central many cities in Henan and Hubei to the southeast of Shandong,southeastern Jiangsu,southern Jiangsu,and northern Zhejiang.The production is more concentrated,and a distribution pattern of “south-north belt” is formed in the central and eastern regions;The spatial pattern of the hemp textile industry does not change significantly,and it is more concentrated in the central region as a whole;(3)Market-oriented textile production is more concentrated in many cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.Zhejiang has developed particularly rapidly.It is mostly spread by the developed prefectures in the province to the underdeveloped cities,and gradually formed the center-periphery structural characteristics that centered on Zhejiang and radiated to the surrounding area.In addition,during this period,Anhui Lu'an,Jingmen in Hubei and Zhoukou in Henan have also developed to some extent;The characteristics of the large-scale transfer of space in the raw material-dependent textile industry are obvious.At the same time,it is accompanied by the characteristics of transfer between neighboring provinces and between cities in the province.Before 2009,it mainly moved from the west to the central and eastern regions,and then turned back to the west.Henan is its main bearing,but Hubei,Jiangsu and Zhejiang are still the core areas of production;The environment-sensitive textile industry as a whole showed a trend of shifting from the eastern coast to the inland,with the transfer of neighboring provinces and interprovincial provinces as the main features.Central cities such as Zhoukou,Nanyang in Henan,Xianning in Hubei,and Sichuan in the west have achieved rapid development;(4)Agglomeration scale,technological differences,domestic market potential,and environmental regulation are the main factors that affect the spatial distribution of the double-digit textile industry.The changes in labor costs and land costs are no longer the main factors that are considered in the interregional transfer.Other factors also has different degrees of influence on its spatial transfer.(5)For all types of industries in the textile industry,the degree of agglomeration is still the main factor affecting the transfer of all types of textile industry.In addition,raw materials,domestic market potential,and environmental regulations play a major role in the interregional transfer of corresponding types of textile companies.Technical differences and land costs also have different degrees of influence on the spatial pattern of market-oriented and environmentally-sensitive textile industries.Labor cost changes are not sensitive to changes in the production distribution of various types of textile industries,which is consistent with the estimation results on the provincial scale.However,the difference is that the transportation cost is a resistance to the spatial transfer of various types of textile enterprises within this period. |
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