Agricultural Socialized Service Organizations Based On Viability Theory Construction Of Research

The agricultural socialization service system refers to the service network and organization system that the government,the market and the society provide a various kinds of services for the farmers to engage agricultural production and management to meet the needs of agricultural production and development.The key to build a new socialist countryside is to develop modern agriculture,and the only way to develop modern agricultural is to establish a agricultural socialization service system that truly suits our country's national conditions and confirms to the laws of agriculture development.As an important part of realizing agricultural modernization,the agricultural socialization service system has received great attention from society and the academic.The development of every service organization has become the focus of attention,and the viability as an important force driving the development of the organizations has become a significant research object.There are two forces to build the agricultural socialization services system: the government and the market.Thus,the agricultural socialization service system could be roughly divided into two major categories.The first one is public service organizations led by the government and involved in the society,which do not need to assume sole responsibility to their own profits and losses,and do not have the pursuit of profitability.Such organizations aim to provide service to farmers and second-type service organizations.Public service organization is an important subject of our agricultural socialization service system.It plays an important role for the government in promoting the agriculture development and improving service system while the planned economy is gradually being replaced by the market economy.On the other hand,based on the rules of market operation and centered on the economic benefit,from individual,pesticide sales points to agricultural service banks,leading enterprises and so on,the agricultural economic organizations offers agricultural services to farmers or other agricultural economic organizations.Its primary goal is to achieve the profit maximization.But at the same time,they also generates some public services,effectively complement those kind of services that the first-type organizations could not served.According to the requirement of modern agriculture,individual farmer will inevitably be unable to finish the production independently.The basic unit of agricultural production will be transferred to agricultural economic organizations.In order to stay competitive in the market,the farmer needs to join in the operation of agricultural economic organizations.Therefore,the agricultural economic organizations which take the largest share of agricultural production will be the core force of modern agricultural production.The relation and development path between public service organizations and agricultural economic organizations have great theoretical and practical significance during the research of agricultural socialization service system.Lin Yifu and other scholars argued that the key of the agricultural economic development is to improve its factor endowment structures by the inherent law of factor endowment,comparative advantage and economic viability,putting forward that the economic viability is the key point to a healthy agricultural development.This argument is consistent with the Schultz's point of view in “Transforming Traditional Agriculture”.Unlike the process of agricultural modernization in developed countries,in China,it is young people with higher education and more open minds leaving the rural areas first.This makes the elimination process of agricultural labor force completely contrary to that of the developed countries.Chinese agriculture will lose its vitality gradually due to the loss of resources.The number of our agricultural economic organizations has grown to a large scale so far,but its development has not yet reached the requirement of modern agriculture.There are many organizations which do not have the viability.They rely on fiscal subsidy to barely operate,which could not really improve its economic vitality fundamentally.Under the background that the agricultural production is losing its viability gradually,if the government keeps offering fiscal support to those organizations which are lack of profitability,it will certainly lead the overall agricultural development of our country into a trap of low efficiency equilibrium.Improving the viability of agricultural socialized service organization is an effective way to get our agriculture out of the trap.The government puts their attention back to the micro focus,providing the infrastructures like transportation,water conservancy,communication and so on to the agricultural service system and increasing the investment in human capital like education,technical training and so on,so as to change the resource endowment structure of countryside,improve the basic conditions of agricultural production and operation,enhance the viability of each organization of agricultural socialization service system,accelerate the division of professionalization and socialization of agricultural economic production,attract well-qualified farmers staying in rural areas.All micro-level service organizations need to be back to the market,rely on multiple entities such as farmers,enterprises,and governments to promote its development,choosing the development path which suits its own resource endowment and adopting the advantage of enterprises and the independent innovation spirit of farmers to drive its development.Only through the join force of governments,farmers,enterprises,which is not only driven by the public service organizations,but also enhance the viability of agricultural economic organizations,could an agricultural socialization service system that meets the market rules and the requirement of agricultural modernization be built up and improved.