Study On The Problem Of Soybean Production And Import Under The Structural Reform Of Supply Side

Soybean is an important food crop and one of the sources of oil crops and feeds.It is rich in plant protein and has great nutritional value.China was once the world's largest soybean producer and exporter,but due to constraints of resources,technology,and policies,China's soybean yield has been at a relatively low level,and its planting area has been gradually reduced.Soybean production decreased from 16 million tons in 1994 to 105.15 million tons in 2015.It can be seen that the soybean production capacity in China has gradually weakened.In recent years,the living standards of residents have gradually increased,and the consumption of soy products has increased.As a result,the demand for soybeans has continuously increased,from 14.12 million tons in 1994 to 89.23 million tons in 2015.The continuous reduction of production and the continuous increase in demand have created a gap in the demand of the soybean market in China,and the demand gap needs to be filled through imports.As a result,the number of soybean imports in China has increased year by year,from 2.48 million in 1994 to 83.5 million tons in 2015,and the degree of dependence on imports has also continued to increase.By 2015,China's soybean import dependency was as high as 93.6%.However,over-reliance on imports has threatened the safety of the soybean industry in China.At the end of 2015,China proposed the implementation of structural reforms on the agricultural supply side.The key lies in adjusting the structure of agricultural cultivation,reducing the acreage of corn,increasing the area of soybean cultivation,optimizing the supply structure of agricultural production factors,and improving the quality of agricultural production factors.This is China's soybean.The development of production creates opportunities.In 2017,the soybean cultivation area in China was 7.5922 million hectares,an increase of 1.0022 million hectares compared to 2015.Soybean production in 2017 increased to 14.046 million tons,but unit production continued to decrease.At the same time,the degree of dependence on soybean imports declined,from 93.6% in 2015 to 93.1% in 2017.However,as soybean production continues to increase,its imports have also continued to increase.Therefore,this article is based on a comparative analysis of the status of soybean production and imports in China before and after the structural reform of the agricultural supply side.Therefore,this article is based on a comparative analysis of the status of soybean production and imports in China before and after the structural reform of the agricultural supply side,First of all,it analyzes how the agricultural supply side structural reform affects the soybean production by optimizing the supply structure and supply quality of the production factors;Secondly,from the perspective of consumption,cost,quality,and trade policies,we analyzed the reasons for the large number of imported genetically modified soybeans in China,and explained the reasons for the increase in soybean imports,the degree of import dependence,and the decrease in import growth.The study concludes:(1)After the structural reform of the agricultural supply side,China's soybean planting area and total output have increased,and the degree of soybean import dependence and soybean import growth have decreased.The structural reforms and adjustments on the supply side have achieved certain results.(2)China's soybean production has increased after the supply-side structural reforms were proposed,but the consumption growth has increased even more,making soybean imports continue to increase,but the import growth rate is lower than the consumption growth rate,and therefore,the import dependency decreases.In addition,after the structural reform of the agricultural supply side,the increase in soybean production as a partial substitute for imports has led to a decline in the growth rate of soybean imports.(3)The supply-side structural reforms have optimized the supply structure and supply quality of China's agricultural production factors,increased soybean planting area,improved quality of laborers,increased investment in technical R&D,and support for related supporting policies have promoted soybean production in China.Increase in total output and yield per unit area.(4)China's soybean consumption demand is high and grows faster;China's soybean production cost is much higher than that of the United States and other major soybean producing countries;Soybeans are of lower quality,mostly mixed varieties,with lower oil yields;Loose soybean import trade policy has prompted China to import large quantities of foreign genetically modified soybeans.Through the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward suggestions for promoting the soybean production in China and appropriate control of imports:(1)Deepen the structural reform of the agricultural supply side and optimize the regional distribution of soybean production;(2)Establishing Non-GM soybean protected areas and promoting GM soybean planting;(3)Improving the subsidy policy of soybean and improving the enthusiasm of bean farmers' production;(4)Rely on scientific and technological progress to improve soybean production efficiency and improve soybean quality;(5)Implement reasonable policies,regulations,and management measures to appropriately control the amount of soybean imports;(6)Formulate reasonable soybean technical standards and certification system to improve entry barriers for genetically modified soybeans,So as to optimize the structure of soybean production and imports in China,and then promote the sustainable and healthy development of China's soybean industry.