Research On The Innovation Path Of Tourism Cluster From The Perspective Of Evolutionary Economic Geography

As a new form of economic organization,industrial cluster is an important policy means for a country to enhance industrial competitiveness and for an area to form a regional competitive advantage,and innovation is the power source for the clusters to maintain their vitality.In the 1990 s,the theory of evolutionary economic geography was raised in international economic geography.And the theory of evolutionary economic geography explained the changing process of economic landscape from the perspective of dynamic evolution,which was gradually favored by economists and which provided a new theoretical method to support the cluster innovation research.Tourism industrial cluster is an effective means to enhance competitiveness as a tourist destination.Research on its innovation mechanism and evolution path has been one of the main topics of regional economy,human geography,and management science study.However,the current focus of cluster innovation research based on evolutionary economic geography is mainly in the field of manufacturing.The research on service industry(especially tourism)has just started.There is little research on the innovation evolution of tourism industry clusters.Therefore,this paper uses the theory of evolutionary economic geography,from three different perspectives: the microscopic foundation(corporate),the meso-scale network,and the macro-scale external environment(system)within the cluster,to study the innovation route of the tourism industry cluster,to classify the co-evolution of elements of different scales and to determine the evolution of tourism industry clusters.This paper analyzes in depth the evolution process and internal mechanisms of tourism industry clusters,and hope to provide certain reference value for themanagement practice of tourism industry clusters and the formulation of cluster innovation policies.The content of the thesis is mainly divided into three parts.In the first part,the paper demonstrates the research background,significance and current situation of related research.Through relevant literature review,it is found that entrepreneurship,social capital,knowledge flow and network within the cluster have a great influence on the innovation and development of the tourism industry cluster,but most of the existing research is based on a static perspective.However,the study of the tourism industry cluster based on the evolutionary economic geography in the academic community is still in its infancy.Few scholars can study the innovation of the tourism industry cluster from the perspective of the evolutionary economic geography.Although the existing research on the tourism industry cluster involves the evolutionary process,it has not penetrated into the theoretical basis and core concepts of evolutionary economic geography.Therefore,this paper introduces the theory of evolutionary economic geography into the innovation research of tourism industry clusters.In the second part,using the path dependence and co-evolutionary theory of evolutionary economic geography theory,from the three different perspectives of the micro-foundation(enterprise)of the tourism industry cluster,the meso-scale network,and the macro-scale external environment(system),the paper establishes the process model and intrinsic mechanism of the innovation evolution of the tourism industrial cluster;and the second part discusses how the three enterprises,networks,and institutions evolve together and determine the evolution of the tourism industrial cluster in different stages of evolution.In the third part,taking the Yuanjia Village tourism industry cluster as a case,the paper deeply analyzes how the corporate innovation behavior,and how the interaction network between the various entities and the external institutional environment mutually react in the process of the development and evolution of the tourism industry cluster to promote the innovation and evolution of the cluster.Finally,it draws conclusions,suggestions for development,and research insufficiency and outlook.Through theoretical and empirical research,this paper draws the three conclusions:(1)The development path of tourism industrial cluster is based on local initial conditions,and the spiral interaction feedback,renewal,and adaptation of enterprises,networks,and systems form a cyclic cumulative effective local process.The basic conditions of geographical resources,basic economic development,government policies,market environment,etc.provide the initial conditions for the development of clusters and the basis for route dependence,and to a certain extent these factors determine the direction of cluster evolution.(2)Innovation is the fundamental force to promote the evolution of tourism industrial clusters.Social elites with entrepreneurial spirit play a key guiding and demonstration role in the innovation and evolution of tourism industry clusters.By supporting and cultivating key enterprises with a certain scale and popularity to build leading enterprises,it will also help improve the innovation capability of the cluster and promote the innovation and development of the cluster.In addition,intermediaries such as government and industry associations are the bridges between various tourism enterprises,and they play a major role in knowledge spillovers.They play an important role in knowledge flow and innovation diffusion in clusters.(3)In the different stages of the development of the tourism industrial clusters,the tourism industrial clusters network presents a cluster network system evolution from interpersonal networks,production networks to innovation networks.This evolution process makes the cooperation among the cluster environment,industry associations,and supporting organizations correspondingly evolve.The process has promoted the innovation and development of the clusters.