Research On The Effect Of Reshoring Of American Manufacturing From The Perspective Of Global Value Chain Reconstruction

Since 1970 s,the international division of labor,represented by intra product division of labor,has made the global economy closely linked,and international production breaks through the traditional "center-periphery" model and transition to the global value chain production model.Under this background,the United States,as the global hegemon,has achieved global value chain management through foreign investment and offshore outsourcing at the same time as the core of the value chain,and gained the world's remarkable economic development.However,the fact that the US economy has gone from real to virtual has finally exploded the global financial crisis.Since the 2008 financial crisis,with the structural development of international production factors and revolutionary progress in the mode of production and organization,the restructure of global value chain has undergone some new changes,the structure of international trade has changed,the transfer of international industry is reflux,and the global value chain is facing the opportunity of reconstructing.The global value chain reconstruction is different from the past global value chain,and the emergence of the manufacturing industry seems to be contrary to the law of economics.This article will study the current situation of the two and discuss the mechanism of its influence.Starting from the perspective of theoretical analysis,this paper investigates the global value chain problem,mainly discussing the international division of labor and international trade before and after the formation of the global value chain.Secondly,this paper studies the characteristics and trends of global value chain reconstruction from the form of global economic organization,production organization and national economic status,and probes into the driving forces of these trends by means of cause analysis,including the technological revolution,the rising of manufacturing cost,the Reindustrialization of the developed countries and the change of the global consumption structure and pattern.The structural changes in the price and space of international production factors,as well as the profound changes in the mode of production and organization brought by the third industrial revolutionin the birth of the gestation,have made the reflux of the manufacturing industry an important part of the restructure of the global value chain.Thirdly,this paper uses the inductive method to study the policy and current situation of the return of American manufacturing industry,and analyzes the distribution of industry,technology composition and regional distribution in the reflux of manufacturing industry by statistical method to find the characteristics of the return of American manufacturing industry.From the angle of research and development,the change of capital pattern,the strengthening of the technical barrier and the strengthening of the production network,the United States system is analyzed from the angle of the return of the American manufacturing industry.The influence mechanism of manufacturing reflow on global value chain reconstruction.Finally,this paper uses input-output method to measure the global value chain status index and the ratio of domestic added value,and examines the current status of global value chain in the United States and the change of the degree of regionalization.This paper finds that the current American manufacturing backflow may consolidate the status of the current global value chain in the United States and further strengthen the control of the global value chain in the United States;and the return of American manufacturing will further consolidate the North American production network and make the global production system transition from chain to mesh.