Research On The Performance Evaluation Of Teachers In American Research Universities

As the scale of higher education continues to expand in our country,people has paid more attention to the quality of higher education.In order to improve the quality of higher education,the country proposed the program of ‘Double World-class '.The key to construct the world-class university and the world-class discipline is the construction of faculties which is the guarantee of the construction of ‘Double World-class'.The quality of faculties depends on the college admission system,and the faculty evaluation system is closely related as well.In 2016,the Ministry of Education promulgated the Guiding Opinion on Deepening the Reform of Teacher Evaluation in Higher Education,and clearly pointed out that teachers' evaluation reform should be regarded as an important part of higher education reform.Although our country attaches great importance to the performance evaluation system of college teachers,there are still many loopholes in the current system of faculty evaluation in our country's research-oriented universities,which requires further development and improvement.In the course of its development,learning from the top research-oriented universities in the world can avoid unnecessary detours and learn its experience and lessons and provide guidance for building a faculty performance evaluation system in higher education in China.This research mainly discusses the faculty performance evaluation system in American university,the selected case is the famous American research university-University of California,Berkeley.First of all,this research combs the development of the performance evaluation of faculty in the United States in order to have a deep understanding of the history of the faculty performance evaluation in the United States,laying a good background foundation for further exploring the system of faculty performance evaluation.The second part mainly sorts out the theories of faculty performance evaluation system.The theory of performance management and William Zou's theory of Z which are the theoretical basis of this article.The third part introduces the University of California at Berkele's faculty performance evaluation system and mainly includes the four aspects: planning and guidance of performance evaluation,evaluation areas,evaluation procedures,the treatment and feedback of evaluation results.In the fourth part,this research mainly summarizes the characteristics of Berkeley faculty performance evaluation system and analyzes the applicability of our country.From the perspective of performance management,its characteristics are the carefulness of the evaluation plan,the strictness of the evaluation guide,the comprehensiveness of the evaluation field,the diversity of the evaluation subjects and the flexibility of the evaluation criteria.From the perspective of Z theory,it presents the following features: the respected Faculties' s rights of speak,acknowledge,autonomy;thetwo-way selectivity and transparency of evaluation procedures;the classification of evaluation results and the timeliness of feedback.At the same time,according to the characteristics of Berkeley faculties' performance evaluation,this research summarizes the following enlightenments: the appraisal content is fully distributed;the instruction and training for evaluators and appraisers are increased;Evaluate the exchange and communication and improve the status of those who are appraised;construct rigorous and transparent two-way selective evaluation procedures;set flexible evaluation standards and change the rigid mode of scientific evaluation standards.In addition,due to the huge cultural differences between China and the United States,if we completely draw lessons from the US faculty performance evaluation model may appear "acclimatized" status,therefore,based on Hofstede's cultural dimension,this research analyzes the problems when drawing lessons from the US.