The Reform Movement Of 1898 In The History Textbooks Of Middle Schools Since The Republic Of China

The Reform Movement of 1898,as an important ideological liberation movement in the modern history of China,not only promoted the pace of political reform in modern China,but also promoted the development of modern "new history" in China.At the same time,it has also made significant contributions to the development of education in China.It has been more than 100 years since the Republic of China that the Reform Movement of1898 was included in the history textbooks of middle schools.In this century,the writings of the Reform Movement of 1898 in the history textbooks of middle schools have been constantly changed due to the trend of the times,historical thinking and educational thoughts.The history textbook of the middle school of the Republic of China focused on the narrative of the historical facts of the Reform Movement of 1898,and only regarded it as a general historical event.After1922,the cause of the Reform Movement was taken seriously.Middle school history textbooks began to cut in from various aspects.It gave a relatively detailed introduction to the political and diplomatic situation of the Qing Government before the Reform Movement,and the changes in people's ideology.It pointed out that the Reform Movement Occurrence is inevitable rather than accidental in the development of historical evolution;at the same time,Kang Youwei's image in the history textbooks is gradually fuller,and the textbooks also evaluate it more prominently.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,historical textbooks used the historical materialism to conduct a scientific analysis of The Reform Movement of 1898 and clarified its positive significance.However,due to the dogmatic understanding of Marxist theory,the evaluation of the Reform Movement of 1898 was gradually reduced by the impact of class struggle and revolutionary historical views in the history textbooks of middle schools.By the Cultural Revolution,the Reform Movement of 1898 had been seriously distorted,and because of its improved nature,it had entered the counter-revolutionary camp.After the reform and opening up,history textbooks gradually got rid of prejudice and the writing of the Reform Movement was objective;the vigorous development of historical studies after the 1980 s pushed the writing of the Reform Movement in history textbooks to be more scientific and objective,and the patriotic nature of the salvation plan of the Reform Movement in the textbooks Get highlighted.After the new curriculum reform,the writing of the Reform Movement of 1898 in middle school history textbooks has been continuously updated and improved on the basis of summing up experience.Based on the above changes,combined with the relevant knowledge of history and pedagogy,analyze the factors that affect the writing of the Reform Movement in the middleschool history textbook,and then make some suggestions based on the experience of the Reform Movement in the history textbooks of the middle school in the past century.It can provide some reference for the preparation of future history textbooks and related teaching of the Reform Movement of 1898.