Study On Ecotourism Carrying Capacity For Pu'er Tea Horse Road Based On State-Space Model

The Tea Horse Road was emerged in Tang Dynasty,which was a trade network centered on Dian,Chuan and Zang.These trade roads arising from the material transactions such as tea,horses and salt formed an important transport system as well as a critical cultural communication network in China' s ancient southwestern region.As one of the sources of the Tea Horse Road,Pu' er city has numerous natural and cultural heritages pertaining to the ancient trade network,which are popular among the public.The Tea Horse Road has a profound historical and cultural accumulation,such as multi-ethnic culture,national migration culture,caravan culture and Pu' er tea culture.Besides,the existing large-scale of ancient tea communications are called the cultural-natural history museum of tea and has a strong ecotourism value.Thus the enthusiasm about the Tea Horse Road tourism development grows rapidly in different areas.However,lack of comprehensive renovation,lack of heritage rational use and neglect of the tourism environment observation are harmful for cultural linear heritage protection and development.As an expansion field of ecology,ecotourism is a key way to balance tourism development and environmental protection and research on carrying capacity is the core content of ecotourism.This paper is based on carrying capacity calculation,ecology theory,ecotourism theory and characteristics of the Tea Horse Road and adopts the state space approach to construct the Pu' er Tea Horse Road ecotourism carrying capacity evaluation index.The main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)Construction of evaluation index system for ecotourism carrying capacity.This paper extracts and analyses the information of ecological environment,resources of The Tea-Horse Road heritages,development of tourism and the social-economic conditions of Pu' er.Then an evaluation index is established,which contains ecological environment elasticity,tourism resources support and Socio-economic support as a criterion and 22 indicators.(2)Spatial distribution of multi-dimensional carrying capacity.The highest elasticity of ecological environment is located in mountains of western Pu'er Lan Cangjiang.The areas with the highest supportive resources for tourism are concentrated in the central and southwestern regions of Pu'er.Socio-economic support is affected by the level of regional economic development,and the region with the highest socio-economic support is located in the middle of the targeted area.(3)Evaluation of ecotourism carrying capacity.Ecotourism carrying capacity of Pu' er is generally low,85.9%in low carrying capacity,14.1%over or in the ideal state.Through the study of spatial distribution,the carrying capacity of the current value is divided into five levels:"weakest,weaker,medium,stronger and strongest".The evaluation result generally shows that ecotourism carrying capacity is high in the west and low in the east,and the northern region belongs to the region with the lowest carrying capacity.Finally,according to the evaluation results,measures to improve the carrying capacity of regional ecotourism and suggestions of ecotourism development are put forward.This paper is based on the analysis of the ecological environment characteristics of Pu'er City,the distribution of natural and cultural heritage resources and the development of tourism in different regions,and constructs the comprehensive evaluation model of Pu'er Tea Horse Road ecotourism carrying capacity,which includes ecology,resources and social economy.This study expands the eco-tourism carrying capacity evaluation object and the use of GIS technology.The spatialization of the indicators makes evaluation results have spatial guiding significance for the Tea Horse Road rational development and utilization.