| Technology innovation is an important strategic support to promote the sustainable and healthy development of China's economy and society.As the main body of technology innovation,the improvement of enterprises' technology innovation performance has become the key to implementing the innovation driven development strategy and enhancing the comprehensive competition ability.In reality,there are two paths where enterprises carry out technology innovation:one is the internal R&D,which means enterprises make full use of its internal production factors(such as R&D capital,R&D personnel,etc.)and production conditions for technology innovation;the other is the external R&D,which means enterprises achieve technology innovation by seeking external resource elements,such as I UR(Industry-University-Research)cooperation with external universities,research institutions and other subjects.With the increasingly scarce resources and the increasingly fierce market competition,only relying on resource conditions formed by own investment and knowledge accumulation has been unable to meet the needs of enterprises' technology innovation and overall development.It is of great importance for enterprises to seek external technological resources and cooperation to achieve common or complementary innovation goals,which plays an important role in gaining competitive advantages and consolidating market position.As the core of cooperative R&D models,I UR cooperation has become a significant way for enterprises to break through their own resource and capacity constraints to achieve technology innovation in the process of seeking external technological resources.In this context,this research focuses on the effects of IUR cooperation between enterprises,universities and research institutions on technology innovation of enterprises.Firstly,this research reviews and combs relevant literatures and theories of IUR cooperation and enterprises' technology innovation.On the basis of building the theoretical framework of this research,this research proposes the complementary and substitution effects of IUR cooperation on enterprises' technology innovation through the operating mechanism and specific ways,and analyses the threshold characteristic of IUR cooperation intensity,which influences the effects of IUR cooperation on enterprises' technology innovation.Secondly,based on the panel data of 30 provinces of China Mainland during 2009-2015,using a variety of econometric models to empirically test the relationship between IUR cooperation and enterprises' technology innovation.On the one hand,this research uses the panel fixed effect model,testing the effectiveness of IUR cooperation on enterprises' technology innovation.Results show that the effect of IUR cooperation on enterprises' technology innovation is remarkable,and researches on national,eastern,central and western regions also support this conclusion.On the other hand,based on the perspective of IUR cooperation intensity,with the help of Hansen's(1999)threshold panel regression model,this research examines the threshold characteristic of IUR cooperation intensity to find out the optimal interval,which influences the effects of IUR cooperation.Results show that there is actually a significant threshold characteristic of IUR cooperation intensity,which influences the effects of IUR cooperation,and there are three threshold values.When the IUR cooperation intensity is less than the first threshold value,the substitution effect is stronger than the complementary effect,so IUR cooperation restrains enterprises' technology innovation.When the IUR cooperation intensity is over the first threshold value,the complementary effect is greater than the substitution effect,so the IUR cooperation can significantly promote enterprises' technology innovation.However,it is worth noting that,as the IUR cooperation intensity is over the second and the third threshold value,the complementary effect of the IUR cooperation is weakened and the substitution effect is enhanced,but the complementary effect is always greater than the substitution effect.The promoting effect of IUR cooperation on enterprises' technology innovation is obviously weakened,but not a negative blocking role.Therefore,the IUR cooperation intensity presents 'U-shaped'relationship with the effects of IUR cooperation on enterprises' technology innovation.As a result,based on the above research conclusion,in the practice of technology innovation in the future,the government should further increase the guidance and support efforts of IUR cooperation,improve the relevant policies and regulations and supporting facilities,and optimize the overall allocation of technological resources,to strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in the process of technology innovation and accelerate the construction of technology innovation system with enterprises as the main body,market-oriented and industry,university and research combined.In addition,enterprises,universities and research institutions also need to further strengthen the IUR cooperation through the sharing and utilization of advantageous resources among innovation subjects such as technology,equipment,personnel and funds,and the establishment of resource,risk or cost shared,long-term stable and sustainable IUR cooperation modes,to form a virtuous circle of'market-research-benefit-re-research'and further promote the overall improvement of technology innovation,so as to realize'win-win' between IUR cooperation and enterprises' technology innovation. |
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