| In recent years,China's real estate industry has developed rapidly.Because of the high correlation degree,strong driving force,closely relation with many industries,and driving the development of the upstream and downstream industries,real estate has become an important part of the national economy.As a capital intensive industry,commercial banks participate in the whole process of real estate industry in the course of its development,which provides important support for the development of real estate industry.Real estate loan has become one of the most common business in the banking industry,accounting for a large proportion in bank assets.But with the rapid development of the real estate industry and real estate loan business,various problems,such as the development of the local economy does not match the high real estate price,real estate is used as a tool for investment speculation,real estate developers hoarding land and reserving the real estate for selling etc.At the same time,in order to promote the healthy development of real estate industry,the government continuously adjust and upgrade control measures,to take tax,interest rate,regulate the supply of land,increase policy housing,and take " limit " tactic means such as limiting the purchases,sales and loan on real estate to restrain overheating of the real estate industry.In order to fight for the real estate loan market,commercial banks reduce loan conditions and requirements,breaking the operational risk and management risk.Because of China's real estate financing mainly concentrated on commercial bank loans,the risk is also concentrated on commercial banks.The potential risks of commercial banks' real estate loan will be brought about by the internal operation of commercial banks is not standardized,the information asymmetry between banks and borrowers,the complexity of the real estate market and the continuous change of national regulation policies.It is possible that the risk appears and worsens the final formation of bad assets,causing losses to the credit assets of commercial banks.Therefore,strengthening the bank real estate loans risk prevention has become an urgent problem,if crisis occurs,it will not only affect thestability of real estate industry and financial industry,but also the stability of our country's economic development and even social life will be affected.This paper studies the real estate loan risk prevention has important practical significance.This paper,through literature search,case analysis methods,takes N bank as an example.First,it discusses the concept of real estate loans,analyzes the interdependence,mutual promotion and common development of real estate loan and real estate,and according to the real estate loan purpose,it could be divided into real estate development loan and real estate consumer loan.Then based on the analysis of the characteristics and risks of real estate loans,it is concluded that real estate loans have the characteristics of long cycle,high volume and high risk,existing credit risk,market risk,operational risk and policy risk,which will lay foundation for future research in this paper.Then taking N bank as an example to introduce the development of its real estate loan business,further analyzing the causes of the risk is asymmetric information,real estate business cycle fluctuations,real estate regulation and control measures,internal factors of banks,and the complexity of real estate loan projects.Second,experiences of domestic and foreign real estate risk prevention analysis,which is worth learning from to N bank real estate loan risk management.Finally,combining with N bank real estate loan risk situation,suggestions on risk prevention are proposed in the aspects of optimizing business process control,strengthening internal management,implementing loan policies and improving the decentralized system of risk release.Since China's economic development has entered a new norm,and new changes have emerged in the international and domestic economic,strengthening the risk management of real estate loan in N bank against the background of increasing competition in financial industry,has important significance to improve the quality of assets and efficiency.And it is of strategic significance to enhance N bank competitiveness and long-term development.At the same time,the study further enrich the risk management of commercial bank real estate loan,on commercial bank loan risk management of real estate and other corresponding policy making has theoretical and practical reference significance. |
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