Analysis On Technology Efficiency Of Water And Fertilizer Integration Technology In Facility Vegetables And Farmers Adoption Behaviors

The sustainable and healthy development of agriculture which is the fundamental industry concerned about human life is of great importance.The problem is becoming severer such as excess use of fertilizer,burn of straw and waste of water,coming with the phenomenon of non-point source pollution,air pollution and food quality degradation.In recent years,sustainable production draws public attention gradually.In the tendency of agriculture modernization,people pay more attention on the problem about soil pollution and irrigation under the background of water lacking and pollution in the north.To achieve the goal of resource-saving and ecology-sustaining,many areas have adopt different measures.Facility agriculture weakens the nature effection on agriculture by modern technology and facility to maintain effective and intensive development.But long time closed environment and eccess use of fertilizer lead to harden soil,diseases and pests.As a fine,water and fertilizer-saving modern technology,water and fertilizer integration technology are expanded into agriculture to improve technology efficiency and fertilizer using efficiency.Maintain the maximum output under reasonable input on the premise of sustainability.This paper choose Weifang,Shandong province as an example,a place where facility agriculture are relatively developed.It is aimed to know what improvement can be achieved through the study of technology efficiency and fertilizer using efficiency.And then to study the important factors influencing the selection of this technology and to provide evidence for technology popularization.The thesis is based on farmer behavior theory and the induced technological innovation.Previous research are about the general situation of water and fertilizer integration technology in Weifang from the point of macro statistics.and then estimate technology efficiency and fertilizer using efficiency using survey data by the software of Frontier4.1.Lastly,study the adoption influencing factors by logistics model to provide relative suggestions.It mainly includes:descriptive analysis about the development of vegetables and facility vegetables in the whole country and Weifang,the development of water and fertilizer integration technology as well as the production and sales of the sample.The research shows,in the aspect of production,facility vegetables occupy more and more important situation.From 1982 to 2014,the acreage increased from 0.3%to 18%.The production had been 34%in 2013.The income of facility vegetables is the main income of farmers,58.5%of the samples' income come from cultivation of facility vegetables.The facilities are mainly heliogreenhouses and steel frame greenhouses.This study takes the example of facility tomatoes to study labor productivity and cost profit margins as the measurement of economic effect and fertilizer using efficiency as the measurement of environment effect.Labor productivity of the adopters is lower than the ones who do not adopt.The reason is that it needs more labor due to the lack of proficiency in the initial stage.The average cost profit margins of the adopters is 1.58.It is largely higher than 1.07-the none adopters'.It is proved that this technology can increase revenue.As for environment effect,using single element measuring method based on stochastic frontier production function,the adopter's distribution of fertilizer using efficiency is relatively even.The average is 0.42.The distribution of fertilizer using efficiency of those not adopt is focus on the low distribution and its average is 0.15.The adoption of water and fertilizer integration technology is in favour of fertilizer using efficiency increase,that is,lower fertilizer input creates the same output.The second part is the measurement of technology efficiency.As for the elasticity,seeds,agriculture film and fertilizer have significant influence.Their output elasticity are 0.3063?-0.1356?0.1633 in order.So the point is to improve the character of the seed and then clear the old out.The average technology efficiency is 0.74,the average of fertilizer using efficiency is obviously lower than the previous which is just 0.28.The fertilizer using efficiency of adopters is apparently improved.The third part is the study of factors influencing farmer behaviours,facility vegetables income ratio has positive effect on the adoption.High ratio means high parts of income comes from facility vegetables,so the farmers will attach more importance to enhance the benefit of it.Being village cadre has positive influence among the farmer character factors.The one who had been village cadre once will be more able to adopt the technology.Age and number of agricultural labor force have negative effect because there is a substitution effect between number of agricultural labor force and water and fertilizer integration technology.Risk preferred farmers are willing to accept this technology.Whether participate in agricultural organization,education,facility construction costs and training times all have positive influences.In conclusion,the thesis put forward suggestions to intensify scientific and technological innovation,standardize facility vegetables planting.Beginning with cultivating high quality seeds and norming the planting size,construct a firm foundation of mechanization.As for spreading the technology,start with the full-time facility vegetables farmer household and lead the neighbours to increase the adoption proportion.Corperate with government,universities and companies,take advantage of respective characters and perfect agricultural technology training system.Play the leading role of different agriculture corprating organizations to enhance negotiating ability of single farmers.Then they can buy the facilities with a lower price.Agriculture corprating organization can build a platform to guide farmers use the technology under a reasonable criterion.