A Study On The Differences Of Social Capital Of Poor Families In Different Stages Under The Background Of Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Since the implementation of the Precise Poverty Alleviation Policy,the participants in poverty alleviation mainly discuss how to help the undeveloped households successfully achieve poverty alleviation through the resources brought by the precise help,and their poverty alleviation practice has been fruitful.However,the dilemma in practice has always existed.Some families quickly get rid of poverty by introducing external resources,while others become "nail households" or "returnees" in poverty alleviation work.What is the cause of this phenomenon? What is the gap between those who are out of poverty and those who are not? "Social capital" is called "the capital of the poor",which has strong economic benefits.It has been introduced into the field of poverty since the 1990 s,and has become an effective interpretation concept and analysis starting point of poverty research.From the perspective of social capital,it is particularly important to study poverty and analyze its impact on the development stage of poor households,and to provide empirical basis for the effective poverty alleviation research of poor households.When studying the poor households in the framework of social capital,the author first defines the two core concepts of "social capital" and "poor households".In the context of Precise Poverty Alleviation in China,the identification of poor households is based on families,so "social capital" can be concretely translated into "family social capital"."Family social capital" means that family members increase their original capital through purposeful action and use of capital in the network,thus directly or indirectly affecting family income.The total amount of family social capital and family action are the main influencing factors.According to Coleman,family social capital can be divided into internal and external parts.Based on the policy documents of the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council and the practice of poverty alleviation at the grass-roots level,the author introduces the concept of poverty-stricken households at different stages,which covers three types:the non-poverty-stricken households,the relative poverty-stricken households and the absolute poverty-stricken households,and takes the return of poor households as animportant supplement.Because of the limitations of horizontal research and the steady progress of precise poverty alleviation work,the situation of the same poor households at different stages of development is represented by those who have not yet been lifted out of poverty,those who have relatively lifted out of poverty and those who have absolutely lifted out of poverty at the same time.Through one-to-one investigation of 139 poor households in two villages,the author finds that as a powerful external force,precise poverty alleviation redefines its social identity and status in the process of intervening in the social communication network of poor households,gives poor households the opportunity to participate in social interaction,and gives them the qualification to gain trust and reciprocity in social interaction,thus widening the social network of poor households and enhancing their total social capital.However,in the early stage of intervention,the status of social capital within the family and the family action ability under the auspices of family actors make the poor households different in different stages of development.