The Impact Of R&D Input On Total Factor Productivity

Total factor productivity(TFP)is the key factor of economic growth.It has been widely accepted that TFP can be promoted by increasing R&D investment,and then economic growth can be promoted.R&D investment is the main source of innovation,has become an important part of the national strategy from enterprise production,but also an important link in the transformation of China's economy from high-speed development to high-quality development.Based on the background of China's current economic development and existing research,starting with the relationship between R&D investment and total factor productivity,this paper uses DEA-Malmquist index to estimate total factor productivity according to the industrial level statistics of 30 provinces and cities(except Tibet,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)in China from 1999 to 2013,and establishes a scientific and efficient empirical model on the basis of relevant theories.From the perspective of the relationship between R&D investment and total factor productivity,this paper makes an analysis of the whole country and the eastern,central and Western regions,and makes a comparison of the regression results.The results show that: firstly,we find that R&D investment has a significant positive impact on China's total factor productivity.When other variables remain unchanged,the total factor productivity will increase by 0.3183% for every percentage point increase in R&D investment.Total factor productivity is also affected by the level of marketization,human capital and industrial structure.Industrial structure is positively correlated at a significant level of 10%.If the proportion of secondary industry in China can continue to increase,the economy will achieve faster growth.Foreign direct investment(FDI)has no significant negative impact,which indicates that Chinese enterprises are still unable to use and absorb technology rationally.Ownership structure is negatively correlated with total factor productivity,which indicates that state-owned capital has a serious impact on the rapid development of China's economy.Secondly,in the regionalized regression results,the coefficients of explanatory variables R&D investment in regional models are all positive,and the variables of R&D investment in eastern and central regions are significant,while those in western regions are not significant.Only the productivity of the central and eastern regions will be positively affected by independent R&D.At the same time,only the productivity of the western region will be positively affected by the introduction of foreign technology.Finally,according to the conclusions of this paper,we put forward targeted policy recommendations.Firstly,for R&D investment,we should strengthen R&D investment in basic research and applied research,because basic research and applied research are the source of innovation.Increase investment in human capital elements,eliminate institutional barriers,promote the cross-regional flow of talent,and give full play to the redistribution effect of human capital and R&D capital flows in the market.Secondly,for the efficiency of R&D investment,we should first strengthen the innovative consciousness and ability of enterprises,and enhance their core competitiveness.Enhancing the dominant position of enterprise R&D,establishing an innovation system of coordinated development of "industry,University and research",and accelerating the development of research and scientific research achievements through the spatial agglomeration effect of innovation factors.And through various ways to improve the conversion rate of technological achievements in various industries in China,such as intellectual property incentive mechanism and technology research and development funds supervision and management mechanism.Finally,for the allocation of R&D investment,we should adjust and optimize the structure of R&D investment,and establish a market-oriented growth mechanism and operation mechanism of enterprises.Implementing active fiscal policy effectively promotes the growth of total factor productivity.It is necessary to carry out marketization so as to make production develop to a new level.