Research On The Relationships Between Work-to-family Conflict And Job Satisfaction Of Tour Guides

Work and family are important for tour guides in their life.The balance between work and family of the tour guide helps them to achieve higher happiness and satisfaction.Job satisfaction is a long-standing research hotspot in organizational behavior and it is often related to employee turnover and job performance.The paper focuses on reducing the impact of work-to-family conflict effectively on employees' job satisfaction.Previous research focused on avoiding work-to-family conflicts of employees and most of them discuss the problem from organizational perspective only or a personal perspective only.From the perspectives of the organizational environment and individual differences,this paper uses social exchange theory,social comparison theory,demand hierarchy theory and conservation of resources theory as the main theoretical frameworks to construct models among organizational justice,self-construction,work-to-family conflict and job satisfaction.This study takes Tibetan tour guides as the research object and adopts the questionnaire survey method to collect data in 4 batches during the training of “Tibet Guided Standardization Service Class in Tibet”.Basing on these data,the main effects and the moderating effects are tested separately.Confirmatory factor analysis and process regression are conducted by using smartPLS2.0 and SPSS21.0 respectively.The results show that work-to-family conflict has a negative impact on job satisfaction.And distributive justice,procedural justice and interactional justice play a moderating role in the negative relationship between work-to-family conflict and job satisfaction individually.In other words,the higher work-to-family conflict of the tour guide,the lower job satisfaction of them.Fortunately,the higher level of organizational justice,the better it is to alleviate the job dissatisfaction caused by work-to-family conflict.Similarly,the higher level of procedural justice and interactional justice,the better it is to alleviate the job dissatisfaction caused by work-to-family conflict.However,people with different personality traits focus on different organizational justice.The empirical test results show that interactional justice is more conducive to moderate the negative relationship between work-tofamily conflict and job satisfaction for individuals with interdependent selfconstruction.This study has a better understanding and has further developed the mechanism that work-to-family conflict has impact on job satisfaction.This research clarifies the mechanism that work-to-family conflict has a negative impact on job satisfaction by integrating organizational environment and individual differences.And this enriches the research and theory of work-to-family conflict.What's more,this research broadens the management thinking for managing tour guides,which facilitates the balance between work and family in tour guides' life and improves tour guides' services and optimizes the supply-side reform of tourism.The specific proposals are as follows: First of all,localization process of tour guides in Tibet should be promoted to reduce work-to-family conflicts of tour guides.Secondly,optimizing structures of the professional and part-time tour guides and adjusting the balance between supply and demand of tour guides in off season and peak season.And then,off-season tourism products should be developed to promote the balanced development in tourism market and the supply structure of tourism products in peak season and off season need to be optimized.Next,multidimensional justice in the organization environment should be enhanced.And the tour guide management process based on personal characteristics and organizational environment should be optimized.What's more,the welfare of tour guides can be increased.It is better to pay attention not only to the personal welfare of the tour guide but also to the family welfare.Finally,it is necessary to accelerate the process in constructing the intelligent work platforms to reduce the workload of tour guides.The main innovations of this research are as follows: Firstly,the research perspective is comprehensive.Compared with the single perspective from work or individual resource in the past,this paper combines organizational environmental factors with individual differences to study the relationship between work-to-family conflict and job satisfaction.Secondly,the research object is special.Long working hours,intensive work pressure and strong family boundary are the job characteristics of the tour guide.So,compared with other occupations,the tour guide is special as the research object.Meanwhile,the tour guide service is an important part of the supply-side reform in tourism,so the research object in this study is innovative.Thirdly,the ideas of this research are different.Compared with the previous ideas which focus on preventing or reducing the possibility of conflict between work and family,this study attaches more importance to work-to-family conflict from the perspective of occurrence,and then the way to reduce job dissatisfaction caused by work-to-family conflict is discussed.In conclusion,this study brings forth new ideas in research.