| As the economic pillar industry in the tea region,the tea industry is closely related to the livelihood of tens of millions of workers in the main tea producing areas and related industrial chains,with a wide range of influence.At present,affected by market factors,China's tea industry is in an important stage of industrial transformation and upgrading,laying a good foundation for seeking new industrial space expansion under the new normal economy.As the initial link of the tea industry chain,tea grower are most affected by the market because they undertake the tasks of tea production and primary tea sales.They are often faced with insufficient ability to resist livelihood choices and lack of effective countermeasures,which can easily affect tea grower' production enthusiasm and livelihood choices.At home and abroad,therefore,in the face of new changes and new characteristics in the form of market economy,how to seize the opportunity and the use of good the important period of strategic opportunities,promote the tea industry in the development of long-term stable and rapid development,promoting industrial transformation and upgrading,the mass transfer efficiency,increase farmers income,in order to promote the development of national economy,has the very vital significance.Tea area is different from the common tea growing area,because of its wide tea planting area,large tea yield,and the industrial agglomeration effect formed by a large number of practitioners.As a typical tea area in fujian,anxi county has long been known as the "hometown of oolong tea in China".With a population of 1.08 million and a population involved in tea up to 700,000,anxi county is very representative.Affected by market factors,the development of anxi oolong tea industry has been relatively sluggish in recent years,which has obvious influence on tea growers' policy perception and livelihood strategy.Livelihood capital is the main factor affecting livelihood strategy,perception is the key factor affecting livelihood strategy,policy perception is also an important part of perception,and livelihood capital is related to policy perception.Therefore,exploring livelihood capital,policy perception and livelihood strategy is helpful to understand and improve the livelihood level of tea growers.This paper takes anxi county,a typical tea district in fujian province,as an example.After preliminary investigation,tea growers in four representative towns including gande town,xianghua town,changkeng town and jiandou town were selected as the research objects to analyze the relationship between livelihood capital,policy perception and livelihood strategy of tea farmers.Based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework proposed by the UK department for internationaldevelopment(DFID),the sustainable livelihood assessment index system was adopted,and the direct and indirect influencing factors of livelihood capital,policy perception and livelihood strategy were selected as the observation indicators for the interviewed tea growers in combination with the pre-survey situation,and the values were assigned and questionnaires were designed.Upon the data collected,the statistical analysis using the SPSS23.0 to sample characteristics,variables of descriptive statistics analysis,reliability test,exploratory factor analysis,and then the structural equation model is constructed,using AMOS23.0analysis livelihood capital,policy,the relations between perception and livelihood strategy,combined with the tea growers interviewed,puts forward some countermeasures to improve the level of tea growers livelihood,so from the perspective of the government and farmers about how to through the livelihood capital and government policies to improve the theory and practice reference for the tea growers livelihood.Through relevant studies,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)According to the statistical analysis of the sample characteristics,the interviewed tea grower present the characteristics of individual operation with family as the unit.Meanwhile,the operating subjects are in the transition stage of the transition from new generation to old generation,and their overall level of education is relatively low.However,the per capita income of tea planting of the family in 2017 is higher than the percapita disposable income of anxi in 2017.(2)According to the reliability test,the index system composed of the five livelihood capital,policy perception and livelihood strategy selected in this paper has a high credibility.The coefficient value of each observation index is greater than 0.7,indicating that the data of each index is highly reliable and consistent,and the sample data is reliable.(3)According to the validity test,the sample data passed KMO and bartlett spherical test,indicating that the questionnaire samples were suitable for factor analysis.Seven factors were extracted from the component matrix after rotation,and the factor load coefficient of each observation variable was greater than 0.5,so it was unnecessary to eliminate the observation index.Under the condition that the factor loading coefficients are all greater than 0.5,the mean refining variance of the five livelihood capital,policy perception and livelihood strategy after rotation are all greater than 0.5,and the combination reliability is all greater than 0.7,so the sample data passes the validity test.(4)According to the analysis of livelihood capital,policy perception and livelihood strategy structural equation model,the model fitting result is better after the preliminary fitting and modification.Path analysis shows that human capital,financial capital and social capital have positive and significant effects on policy perception,while natural capital and social capital have no significant effects on policy perception.Naturalcapital,human capital,material capital and financial capital have positive significant effect on livelihood strategy,while social capital has no significant effect on upgrading strategy.Policy perception has a significant positive effect on livelihood strategy.According to the relevant research conclusions,the following countermeasures and Suggestions are proposed: Strengthen the daily management of tea field,standardize the land circulation of tea field,accelerate the construction of ecological tea garden,and attach importance to the protection project construction of tea field;Optimizing tea production mode,improving tea growers' cultural level and strengthening tea growers' skill training;Implement industry dynamic investigation and strengthen industry strategic cooperation;We will improve credit support policies and appropriately increase subsidies.Give full play to the role of the government and cooperatives and make full use of Internet resources;Accelerate the improvement of subsidy policy,strive for market supply and demand balance,reduce tea grower market risk. |
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