Research On Land Use Change And Simulation In Yubei District Of Chongqing In The Context Of Coordinated Development Between Ecology And Economy

Land use change is an important factor affecting regional ecological environment and economic and social development.With the continuous advancement of ecological civilization construction in China,it has been paid more and more attention by the academics about how to realize the coordinated development of ecology and economy in the process of land use.Yubei District of Chongqing is located in the core area of Liangjiang state-level new area,the economy of this area has developed rapidly in recent years,and accompanied by the rapid advancement of land urbanization,but as an important ecological barrier of the main urban area of Chongqing,there are also many nature reserves and large-scale permanent basic farmland in this area,and ecological protection is also particularly important for the development of this area.Therefore,this paper probes into and analyzes the present situation and trend of land use in the region,grasps the coordinated development state of regional ecological economy,scientifically forecasts and provides optimization suggestions for the implementation of land use policy in the future from the perspective of coordinated development of ecological economy.It is very important to realize the development of regional ecology and economy,and it can be taken as representativeness to this study.Taking Yubei District of Chongqing as the research object,this paper analyzes the land use change in Yubei District from 2009 to 2017 by using land use change range,land use transfer matrix and land use degree index.The value of land ecosystem services in Yubei District in 2009 and 2017 was calculated by equivalent factor method,and its temporal and spatial variation characteristics were analyzed,and the comprehensive evaluation index system of economic development level was constructed to measure the economic development level of Yubei District in 2009 and 2017.Taking the service value of land ecosystem and the level of economic development as the representation of ecosystem and economic system respectively,the coupling coordination degree model is selected to identify the coupling development relationship of ecological economy in Yubei District,and the Yubei District is divided into three districts according to the reality of regional development from the point of view of coupling coordination relationship,and its land use development goal is qualitatively analyzed,and the land use scenario of "coordinated transformation" of ecological economy in Yubei District in 2025 is constructed.At the same time,the land use scenario under "existing trend" in Yubei District in 2025 is constructed for comparative analysis based on Markov model,finally,the spatial distribution pattern of land use in Yubei District in 2025 is simulated and compared with the help of FLUS model.This paper puts forward some suggestions on the land use policy during the 14 th five-year Plan period in Yubei District.The main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)Analyze land use change in Yubei District: From 2009 to 2017,only urban construction land was increased and other land types was decreased in Yubei District,in which the rolled out area of cultivated land was the largest and the rolled in area of urban construction land was the largest.It is proved that the rapid expansion of urban construction land is the most obvious characteristic of land use change in Yubei District in 2009 and 2017,and the degree of land use in Yubei District is in the middle and upper level,but there are significant spatial differences.The high-high concentration area is mainly located in the urban construction area and the major industrial parks,and continues to expand to the periphery with the passage of time.The spatial distribution pattern of the low-low value aggregation area is basically stable in the mountains,hills and river areas during the study period.It shows that the construction and development of Liangjiang New area and other development zones have improved the degree of land use in Yubei District,and also made the agglomeration of high-value areas with high degree of land use in Yubei District more obvious.To a certain extent,natural conditions and environmental protection policies restrict the expansion of construction land to the north.(2)Analyze land ecosystem service value in Yubei District: During the study period,the total value of land ecosystem in Yubei District decreased by 302 million Yuan showing an increasing law from southwest to northeast,except for four town streets,such as Zizhu Town,etc.During the research period,the land ecosystem service value of each town street in Yubei District decreased,and generally showed the pattern of "low in southwest and high in northeast",and the spatial variation range of land ecosystem service value in Yubei District was large,which is mainly reflected in the eastward and northward expansion of the low-value area and the co-contraction of the high-value area,and the distribution characteristics of the low-value area of the land ecosystem service value are basically consistent with the distribution characteristics of the high-high concentration area of land use in Yubei District,which can be seen that the increase of land use caused by human development and construction has a negative impact on the value of land ecosystem services in Yubei District.(3)Study on the coupling and coordination relationship of eco-economy in Yubei District: During the study period,the coupling gap between land ecosystem service value and economic development between towns and streets in Yubei District has been narrowed.The results show that the degree of correlation between the two is strengthened and developed in an orderly direction,the ecological-economic coupling coordination type in Yubei District generally shows a trend of moderate imbalance to a barely coordinated state,and the level of coupling and coordination development of towns and streets in the southwest is on the low side.There is a downward trend,and all of which are backward development types of ecosystem,so it can be seen that the value of ecosystem services in this region is low and the ecological pressure is large,and the level of coupling and coordinated development of towns and streets in the central and eastern parts of the region has increased steadily during the study period.The economic development lags behind the ecosystem as a whole,and a few towns and streets have realized the high quality coordination and synchronous development of ecological economy in 2017,which indicates that the development trend of ecological economy in this region is generally good,but the level of economic development needs to be further improved.The degree of eco-economic coupling and coordination of towns and streets in the northern part of the study area has been greatly improved during the study period,and all of which belong to the lagging-behind type of economic development.It can be seen that the value of ecosystem services in this region is high and the ecological pressure is small.However,it is necessary to improve the quality and level of economic development.In order to seek the coordinated transformation of regional differential development and ecological economy,Yubei District is divided into three regions: urban core ecological promotion area,urban expansion ecological conservation area and modern agricultural economic transformation area.(4)Simulation study of land use change in Yubei District: Two development scenarios of "existing trend" and "coordinated transformation" are constructed,the scale demand of land use type in 2025 is calculated under each scenario,and the simulation results of land use change are obtained by FLUS model.Compared with 2017,the urban construction land in Yubei District expanded northward and eastward in 2025,but the overall scale of urban construction land expansion under the "coordinated transformation" scenario was slightly smaller than that in the "existing trend" scenario.In the future,the main trend of land use change in Yubei District is that the urban construction land continues to expand northward,the scale of cultivated land and rural construction land continues to decrease,while the garden forest land and water body remain relatively stable.It shows that the effective management and control of the ecological protection red line will become an important guarantee to maintain the "green water and green mountains" in Yubei District.When analyzed from the point of view of the dynamic change of land use and the change of ecosystem service value,and compared with the "existing trend" scenario,the "coordinated transformation" scenario is more conducive to the protection of ecological land in areas where ecological development lags behind,and more fully guarantees the demand for construction land in industrial agglomeration areas.It can promote the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture in rural areas,and enhance the healthy and sustainable development of the ecosystem in Yubei District.(5)Suggestions on land use optimization policy during the 14 th five-year Plan period in Yubei District: From the aspects of regional development orientation,construction land development,ecological land protection and rural development transformation,and combined with the results of scenario simulation,in view of the present situation of land use in Yubei District,the follow strategies are put forward:(1)Coordinate the overall situation and plan the regional development orientation;(2)Be intensive and efficient,and clarify the boundary of urban growth;(3)Give priority to protection,and ensure the ecological land resources;(4)Transform and upgrade,optimize the rural land structure and other four aspects of recommendations to better achieve the coordinated development of regional ecological economy.