Multidimensional Poverty Measurement And Study On Causes Of Poverty In Rural Households

The eradication of poverty is a common problem facing the world and one of the UN Millennium Development Goals.It is also one of the major problems facing our country at this stage."When defining a moderately prosperous society,the key is to observe the condition of farmers." A well-off society has been built in an all-round way.The foundation is in agriculture,and the difficulty lies in the countryside.The key is farmers.Getting rid of poverty and getting rich in the rural poor is an important issue in building a well-off society in China.At this stage,China's poverty alleviation work has achieved remarkable achievements.According to the official data released,the absolute poverty population in rural China has decreased from 98.99 million in 2012 to 16.6 million in 2018 for 6 consecutive years.The average annual poverty reduction rate is more than 13 million,and the absolute poverty rate has dropped from 30.7%in 1978 to 1.7%in 2018.In 2015,the Party Central Committee clearly stated that by 2020,more than 70 million poor people under the existing standards will all be lifted out of poverty.Therefore,China's poverty-stricken work has entered the sprint period of "hard-core,hard-hitting"In the early days of economic development,people were concerned with the simple measurement of poverty by static standards such as income or consumption,and the division of absolute poverty lines.More and more people joined the huge poverty alleviation targets.Scholar Amartya-Sen proposed "ability poverty".He believes that the true meaning of poverty is the poverty of the poor to create income capacity and opportunities.Poverty means that the poor lack the ability to acquire and enjoy normal life.With the progress of society and the development of the economy,the poverty problem presents a new feature of diversification and complexity.The income standard cannot fully reflect the poverty problem.The multi-dimensional measurement of poverty and the measurement of poverty have received more and more attention.We need to pay attention not only to the poverty situation of individuals or families at a certain time,but also to the continuous poverty at multiple points in a row.Based on the theory of multidimensional poverty,combined with the actual situation in rural areas of China,this paper selects 13 indicators from five angles of education,health,living standards,psychological welfare and per capita net income,and selects China Family Tracking Survey Data(CFPS)to comprehensively measure rural areas in China.The multi-dimensional poverty situation of the family,and to examine its influencing factors,to identify the"poor children",to provide a reference for the formulation of poverty alleviation policies.The conclusions drawn in this paper are as follows:(1)From the perspective of long-term multi-dimensional poverty incidence,the incidence of household garbage disposal and sanitation in rural areas in China is relatively high,indicating that the living environment of residents in rural areas in China needs to be improved.The contribution rate of long-term multi-dimensional poverty shows that for the multi-dimensional poor population,the contribution rate of adult education,self-rated health and per capita net income exceeds their own weight;(2)According to the calculation of this paper,the situation of multidimensional poverty in China is long-term.Poverty is the main factor,the incidence of poverty is high,and the situation of welfare deprivation is more serious.In the static comparison and dynamic comparison of multidimensional poverty and income poverty,multidimensional poverty and income poverty are intertwined relations,and the sustainable multidimensional in rural areas.The situation of poverty cannot be ignored.The establishment of a multi-dimensional poverty system is more conducive to the tracking of poor people in rural areas.(3)In the analysis of the causes of poverty,the increase in the number of elderly people,minors,and chronic diseases in the family will increase the probability that the family will fall into multidimensional poverty,and the depth of welfare deprivation will also deepen accordingly.Will increase the probability that families will fall into multidimensional poverty,and the depth of welfare deprivation will increase accordingly,especially in rural families in the west;(4)The increase in the number of years of education of the father can certainly lead to an increase in the probability that the whole family will be separated from poverty.The family is engaged in non-agricultural operations,whether it is in the eastern region,the central region or the western region,which will make the family a high probability.Get rid of multidimensional poverty;(4)The increase in father's years of education will reduce the incidence of multidimensional poverty and the deprivation of multidimensional poverty to a certain extent.Households engaged in non-agricultural business will reduce multidimensional poverty in families,whether in the eastern,central or western regions.The extent of deprivation of benefits;(5)The participation of rural family members in the New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance will reduce the probability of multidimensional poverty correspondingly and the welfare deprivation will decrease accordingly,which is more obvious in western families;(6)Land transfer households have a higher probability of getting rid of multidimensional poverty,and their welfare deprivation will be reduced;(7)The number of females in households has increased,especially for rural households in the western region,where welfare deprivation has deepened.Finally,the innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)The multi-dimensional poverty system constructed has increased the subjective psychological welfare deprivation indicators in addition to the traditional education,health and living standards;(2)considered in the measurement of poverty.The time dimension comprehensively measures the long-term poverty situation in rural areas of China;(3)Establishing a Logit model and a linear model to conduct regressions,and comprehensively analyzing the poverty-stricken factors of rural poor families in China.