Research On China's Value Added Export To Germany And Its Influencing Factors

Since the division of labor in the global value chain has become an important part of the international division of labor,the division of international production has been continuously refined,and each production link has paid more attention to low-cost resource allocation on a global scale,followed by repeated cross-border intermediary products flow.The traditional gross value trade accounting method counts every cross-border flow of intermediate products,resulting in double counting of intermediate products and exaggerating the actual scale of trade.In addition,the gross value trade accounting method cannot define the attribution of the added value of intermediate products,nor can it measure the actual trade gains of various countries and their status in the value chain.Under the division of labor in the global value chain,the calculation of trade flows from the perspective of value-added exports helps to clarify the real trade benefits obtained by various countries and avoid double calculation of trade flows.As the country with the closest economic and trade relations with China in the EU,the trade relations between Germany and China have always attracted wide attention.With the development of China's economy,the scale of China-Germany trade and economic cooperation continues to expand,the scope of cooperation is becoming wider and wider,and the depth of cooperation is increasing,but at the same time it faces opportunities and challenges.Under the reality of today's increasingly fierce international competition and the unclear trend of Sino-US trade relations,stabilizing Sino-German relations is of great significance to strengthening China-EU economic and trade cooperation and promoting the high-quality development of China's economy.This article cuts in from the perspective of the global value chain,studies the actual scale,industrial structure and realization form of China's value-added exports to Germany,analyzes the problems of China's value-added exports to Germany,and promotes the division of labor into the global value chain of China's industries.Valuable policy recommendations are made to enhance trade interests and promote the development of Sino-German economic and trade relations.In terms of research methods,this paper draws on and absorbs the basic principles and calculation methods of global value chain division of labor,uses the total trade nuclear algorithm to decompose China's total exports to Germany from 2001 to 2014,and measures the actual export scale under the added value caliber A country-by-country analysis of the sources of value-added included in China's exports to Germany,a study of the industrial composition,trade income,and export form of China's value-added exports to Germany from an industrial perspective,using comparative analysis and German exports to China For comparison;finally,establish a relevant empirical model to test the influencing factors of China's export value to Germany.In the analysis of the current situation of China's value-added exports to Germany,it is found that:First,under the value-added approach,China's exports to Germany have declined significantly,and Gennany still obtains pure trade income from China,and Germany's comparative advantage over China remains obvious;Second,after the total trade value is decomposed,China's exports to Germany account for the largest share of domestic value added.In addition to domestic value added,China's exports to Germany account for the largest share of value added from East Asian countries or regions,and Germany accounts for China.The value added from other EU countries accounts for the largest proportion of exports.Both countries have deep cooperation in the division of labor within the regional value chain.Third,in terms of industrial structure,China mainly exports manufacturing to Germany,and exports industries more than Germany The structure is more low-level,and the industries that obtain trade benefits are mainly concentrated in the primary and resource products sectors,and labor-intensive manufacturing industries.The results of the empirical test in Chapter 4 show that:at the industrial level,the level of vertical specialization,factors of economies of scale,and R&D investment are important factors affecting the value added of China's exports to Germany.The degree of opening to the outside world has an impact on the promotion of value added It is not significant,but the intensity of capital input and value-added exports show a small but significant negative relationship.Further testing from the perspective of industrial heterogeneity found that factors such as R&D investment and vertical specialization have a positive impact on both manufacturing and non-manufacturing value-added exports,of which non-manufacturing value-added exports have a greater impact;The effect of scale economy on the added value of manufacturing exports is more obvious,and the impact on non-manufacturing is significantly negative;the degree of opening to the outside world has a smaller positive effect on manufacturing,and the impact on non-manufacturing is not significant;The effect of capital investment intensity on manufacturing value-added exports is significantly negative,while it has a promoting effect on non-manufacturing value-added exports.Based on the above research,this article puts forward policy recommendations for enhancing China's value-added exports to Germany:improving the quality of export products and enhancing the profitability of the industry;promoting trade liberalization and paying attention to the production of intermediate products;introducing developed international foreign capital and increasing R&D investment,mastering High-end technical capabilities;enhance the level of trade facilitation,attach importance to the value-added exports of the service industry;take the"Belt and Road" as an opportunity to promote the development of Sino-German economic and trade relations.