Research On China's Technology Transfer Based On Patent Data

General Secretary Xi Jinping's speech at the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China addressed that we should continue to take as our guide that scientific and technological innovation be the center of scientific and technological development for the new era.Further on in the report,the Party 's 18th National Congress and the fifth plenary sessions of its 18th Central Committee implemented the innovation-driven development strategy as our major move.In working to forestall and promote the innovation,we must pursue with dedication the central task of empower teams and leaders of innovation by placing more human,financial,and material resources at their disposal and giving them more power to make decisions on technology road maps,and continue to unleash and develop productive forces.While the integral part of promoting innovation-driven development strategy lies in maintaining stable technology transfer,our endeavor to strengthen related research on technology transfer has great theoretic significance and practical value.Based on the 2019 patent transfer data,this article abstracts the object of the technology transfer research from the microcosmic subject to the urban spatial subject.Urban-wise,this research explores technology transfer from three aspects:scale,network,and subject.In terms of scale,according to different directions of such transfers,the author divides it into technology outflow,inflow and local circulation.Network structure analysis mainly analyzes network density,"core-edge" and so on.Simultaneously,the two dimensions of city and region are proposed in space for follow-up studies.In addition,the analysis of spatial subjects takes the research further,revealing the laws of urban technology transfer from a more fine-grained spatial dimension.Through statistical analysis of patent data in two dimensions of cities and regions in technology transfer scale research,it is found that most cities in China have a surplus or deficit in the scale of technology transfer,and only a few cities have an equilibrium between technology inflow and outflow.Besides,the scale difference among regions is obvious,and the scale of technology transfer in the eastern region is twice that of other regions combined,while the scale of technology outflow and technology inflow in each region remains balanced.In the study of technology transfer networks,social network analysis and complex network analysis were utilized to analyze the indicators of the overall network and the regional network respectively,and it was concluded that the overall technology transfer network in China is relatively loose,while but the structure level of the "core-edge" is more apparent.According to the results,most of the cities in the east are in the core areas of the network,where technology transfer has the highest impact.Through the analysis of regional network modularization indicators,the eastern regional network structure is diametrically opposed to the western one,the eastern regional network modularization index is low while the average clustering coefficient is high,the cities are closely connected,and the network is "core-edge" structure.In the western region,the network modularity index is high and the average clustering coefficient is low,and there are several "small groups" formed in the network,with each provincial capital city as the core,and the network structure is loose.Last but not least,by the means of text mining technology,more fine-grained technology transfer spatial subjects were unearthed from more than 100,000 pieces of technology transfer address data.And the subsequent analysis found that technology transfer surplus phenomenon of "economic development zone" and the technology transfer deficit phenomenon of "university" complement each other.Consequently,it confirms the scientific nature and importance of domestic "industry-university-research" integrated development strategy.