Research On Decision Of Closed-loop Supply Chain With Asymmetric Information Under Demand Disruption

With people's increasing concern about environmental issues in recent years,many companies have joined the recycling activities of waste products under the dual drive of policies and profits,and forming a closed-loop supply chain.However,in the actual operation of the supply chain,market demand often faces disruption from various emergencies,and companies on the chain are reluctant to disclose the private information they own,resulting in asymmetric information between upstream and downstream.Therefore,this paper comprehensively uses game theory,principal-agent theory,optimization theory and other related theories and methods to establish an optimal profit model for each member of the closed-loop supply chain under the influence of two factors: demand disrution and asymmetric information.And the production and pricing strategies of retailer recycling and third party recycling are investigated respectively under the influence of demand disruption and asymmetric information.Firstly,This article discusses the impact of asymmetric information on the decisionmaking of both parties under the retailer's recycling model when the demand is a stable value,and then consider demand disruptions on this basis.By comparing the optimal strategies in the two situations with or without disturbance,we found:(1)The recycling price given by the manufacturer to the retailer is not affected by demand disruption and asymmetric information.(2)The retailer's profit is stable within a certain disruption area,and the manufacturer as the leader needs to take more risks which cause by demand disruption(3)Concealing demand information is profitable for retailers,and the more accurate the manufacturer 's estimate of demand,the greater the profitability.Secondly,discussing the impact of demand disruption and asymmetric information when waste products is recycled by a third-party remanufacturer with technology licensing.The study found that:(1)Within a certain disruption area,the recycling price of waste products and the profits of retailers and remanufacturers are stable.(2)In different disruption area,the adjustment direction of the optimal strategies of all parties is affected by consumers' sensitivity to product prices,recycling prices of waste products,and the basic recovery rate.(3)The direction of change in sales prices,wholesale prices,and unit license fees are consistent with the direction of changes in demand disruption and asymmetric information.Finally,the conclusion of two different recycling modes is verified by numerical simulation analysis,and their optimal strategies and profits are compared and analyzed.we find that:(1)Regardless of the recycling model,the retailer 's profit always increases linearly with the increase of disruption.With the decrease of the demand estimate of the original manufacturer,the demand increases by a second power.(2)Regardless of the recycling model,the closer the original manufacturer 's estimate of demand to the true value,the greater the profit.(3)From the perspective of the retailer,the difference between sales price and wholesale price under the retailer recycling model is larger,which makes the profit of the retailer higher.From the point of view of the original manufacturer,they are more willing to entrust a third party to carry out recycling,so as to obtain higher profits.