| The utilization efficiency and optimization of rural residential land is of great significance to the national economic and social development and the implementation of the strategy of Rural Revitalization.The purpose of rural residential land exit compensation is to establish a gravitation mechanism to reasonably guide farmers to voluntarily exit from rural residential land,to fully grasp the willingness of farmers to exit from the rural residential land and its influencing factors,which is an important basis for scientific formulation of rural residential land exit compensation policy.In fact,due to the difference of livelihood capital of farmers,the functions of different types of farmers’ rural residential lands are different,resulting in different willingness to repay when they exit from the rural residential lands.Therefore,how to make a scientific and reasonable compensation policy for rural residential land exit,and build a differentiated mechanism for rural residential land exit to fully protect the basic rights and interests of farmers and improve the utilization efficiency of rural residential land has become an important issue in the current relevant government departments and academic research fields.Based on the survey data of farmers in Jiangxi Province,this study first theoretically analyzes the impact mechanism of livelihood capital on the willingness of farmers to exit from their rural residential land.Secondly,according to the current situation of compensation for the exital of rural residential land in the study area and the theory of sustainable livelihood,it constructs an indicator system to measure the livelihood capital of farmers.Entropy method is used to comprehensively evaluate the livelihood capital of farmers and analyze the different livelihood capital Dimension characteristics.Mvprobit model is used to analyze the factors that affect the willingness of farmers to exit from the rural residential land,trying to analyze the behavior decision-making mechanism of different types of farmers’ willingness to exit from the rural residential land,so as to provide theoretical and empirical reference for making the compensation policy of rural residential land exit according to local conditions.Finally,the paper puts forward some reasonable policy suggestions on the exit compensation of rural residential land.The main conclusions are as follows.(1)From the perspective of the survey area,cash and housing compensation are the main compensation methods for farmers,accounting for 87.5% and 93.2% respectively;from the perspective of different types of farmers,non-agricultural and part-time farmers choose the highest proportion of monetary compensation,agricultural and parttime farmers choose the highest proportion of employment compensation,pure agricultural farmers choose the highest proportion of social security compensation,while non-agricultural and part-time farmers choose to live Housing compensation accounts for the highest proportion.(2)There are significant differences in livelihood capital endowment of farmers in Jiangxi Province,with the highest social capital and the smallest natural capital.The human capital of non-agricultural farmers is the highest,the natural capital,social capital and financial capital of agricultural part-time farmers are the highest,while the material capital of non-agricultural part-time farmers is the highest.(3)There is a significant complementary effect between farmers’ choice behavior in money and employment compensation,money and social security compensation,employment and social security compensation.(4)Human capital and material capital have a negative impact on monetary compensation and employment compensation,social capital and financial capital have a positive impact on monetary compensation and employment compensation,and material capital has a negative impact on employment compensation and social security compensation.From the specific livelihood index values,education level,age,total family population,farming skills,rural residential land area,idle rural residential land area,cultivated land quality,whether there are houses in cities and towns,water conservancy facilities,whether there are acquaintances of government departments,the number of people who can borrow money,whether there are relatives and friends doing business,annual income of families,access to loans and other factors have an impact on the rural residential land of farmers The willingness to exit has a significant impact.In addition,there are significant differences between different types of farmers in the willingness of livelihood capital to exit from the rural residential land.In order to improve the livelihood capital of farmers,improve the design of rural residential land exit compensation system to guide farmers to voluntarily and orderly exit rural residential land,this study puts forward the following policy recommendations:(1)strengthen the knowledge and skills training,improve the human capital of farmers,and carry out targeted agricultural or non-agricultural skills training according to the differences of different education levels and the mastery of farming skills.(2)We will speed up the technological transformation of farmland,increase the natural capital of farmers,comprehensively promote the construction of high-standard farmland,and improve the comprehensive benefits of farmland.(3)Design a variety of compensation methods for rural residential land exit.According to the differences of economic development in different regions,we should encourage to adopt a variety of compensation methods;according to the age and type of farmers,we should provide targeted social security and employment compensation.(4)We will improve the social security system and reduce farmers’ concerns about retiring their homes.We will improve the standard of rural pension and the proportion of medical reimbursement,and improve the conditions and quality of township health care. |
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