The Study Of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region And The Central Asian Structure Of Foreign Trade And Its Optimization Under The Background Of "The Belt And Road"

“The Belt and Road”proposed that Xinjiang to build as the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt provided an opportunity for the comprehensive development of Xinjiang.As an important neighboring country in Xinjiang,which Sino-Australian trade cooperation has become one of the important directions for the construction of the core area of Xinjiang Silk Road Economic Belt.In order to realize the comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development of foreign trade between Xinjiang and Central Asia,not only must pay attention to the growth of "quantity",but also the improvement of "quality".In recent years,the total volume of foreign trade between Xinjiang and Central Asia has grown rapidly,but the adjustment of trade structure has lagged behind.In view of this,the study is based on the theory of comparative advantage,factor endowment theory,technology gap theory,intra-industry trade theory,strategic trade policy,national competitive advantage theory and other foreign trade theories,drawing on the research results of foreign trade structure at domestic and foreign,combined with the uniqueness of Xinjiang.The regional conditions,from the four aspects of trade commodity structure,trade market structure,trade mode structure,and trade pattern structure,comprehensively and systematically analyzed the impact mechanism of Xinjiang and Central Asia's foreign trade structure and discussed its optimization issues,which reached the following main conclusions:(1)From the point of view of export commodities,Xinjiang's foreign trade commodity structure with respect to Central Asia has been significantly improved,however,there are problems with large similarity of export commodities and lack of clear division of labor among the various regions(cities)in Xinjiang,which including the industrial structure,economic development,and foreign trade policies so on,it's important that the main factors affecting the structure of foreign trade commodities in Xinjiang and Central Asia.The optimization of the foreign trade commodity structure of Xinjiang and Central Asia should be start from the aspects of accelerating the upgrading of industrial structure,advancing scientific and technological progress,attracting foreign direct investment,and increasing financial support.(2)Both Xinjiang and Central Asia have the characteristics of high concentration of trade objects.Xinjiang is concentrated in Central Asia,and Central Asia is mainly concentrated in China(Xinjiang).In recent years,the foreign trade market has been gradually diversified in Xinjiang,while the foreign trade market in Central Asia has not been decentralized;there're great impact on geographical location and economic development of the internal market structure in Xinjiang and Central Asia.In view of the high concentration of Xinjiang's foreign trade market,first,it is believed that Xinjiang must be consolidate and strengthen the traditional market share in Central Asia.Second,it must seek the development of a new market,and finally it can build a free trade zone.(3)The main features of the trade pattern structure of Xinjiang and Central Asia which the small trade at the border occupies the main part;the scale of the general trade import and export expands year by year,the proportion of the import and export has greatly increased;the processing trade has a relatively low proportion and decreased.due to the mainly geographical advantages of the two sides,the complementarity of import and export products,the increasing diversity of participating entities,and the preferential policies and other factors.Optimizing the structure of foreign trade between Xinjiang and Central Asia,it can be achieved by strengthening the border trade,increasing the proportion of general trade,and vigorously supporting processing trade.(4)Inter-industry trade is the main mode of trade between Xinjiang and Central Asia,which it dominated by resource-intensive products,but the trade volume of intra-industry trade is relatively low,and it dominated by capital and labor-intensive products.The trade as a whole shows complementarity.Under the new international situation,which can be enhanced by strengthening professional cooperation Xinjiang and Central Asia's Intra-industry Trade,developing economies of scale,increasing investment in R&D,and increasing the added value of products.