| Because of the rapid development in recent years,express delivery industry and its logistics industry pull the country's new round of economic growth and become an important force to promote economic growth.In 2018,China's total express business volume exceeded 50 billion yuan,an increase of 26.6 percent over the previous year.The annual express business volume and the express business revenue were 22 times and 10.6 times respectively of the express business volume and business revenue in 2010,with an average annual compound growth rate of 34.2 percent,to become a new bright spot of economic growth,business scale leading the world.In 2018,China's express business volume exceeded North America,Europe,Japan and other developed economies combined,more than three times the total volume of North America,accounting for more than 60% of the global express delivery service market.During the rapid development of express industry,the competition of express enterprises is fierce,and the location problem of operation node of express enterprises becomes the key to the development of express enterprises.The Express Delivery Company continuously optimizes the location of its three-level nodes such as tr ansshipment centers,city transit yards and service stores,and at the same time increases the number of store outlets,it also improves its overall operating capacity by adding transshipment centers and transshipment centers,the location of Transit Yard and Transit Center has become the most important node of express enterprise layout and development.Western scholars have done more research on the location of logistics industry.They believe that public policy,agglo meration effect and operation cost are all factors that should be considered in the layout of logistics enterprises or express delivery enterprises,logistics faciliti es and distribution centers in metropolitan areas to focus on the space,the polarization of logistics activities,the local government's tax issues are for logistics enterprises of low cost and high efficiency;Domestic scholars focus on the combination of theoretical models and quantitative statistical methods to establish theoretical models,from the environment,transportation,regulations,regional development level and land prices and other factors for comprehensive evaluation,this paper discusses the factors that influence the location choice of logisticsenterprises,and the research on express enterprises mainly focuses on the network structure and spatial organization.The Shanghai metropolitan area is one of the areas with rapid development and large scale of express delivery industry in China.It is the area where the headquarters of express delivery enterprises are located with the largest number of locations,it can provide reference for the development of Chinese Express enterprises,expand the research ideas of express enterprises,understand the factors affecting the development of express enterprises,and promote the further integration of different cities in Shanghai metropolitan area.Highlighting the important strategic position and prominent leading role of the logistics industry and express delivery industry in the socialist modernization construction,and pr omoting greater coordination and unification of factors such as land,talents,funds,information and transportation,which affect the development of express de livery industry,to promote the harmonious development of the express industry structure and the overall urban structure,to provide a reference for the decision-makers of express enterprises and logistics,and to provide reference for the study of urban planning layout and traffic network layout.This paper is based on the empirical study,based on the scope of the co-urbanized metropolitan area defined by the Master Plan of Shanghai City(2017-2035)and the co-urban ized metropolitan area spatial planning of Shanghai Metropolitan area developed by Shanghai,Jiangsu and Zhejiang,the "1 + 7" cities of Shanghai,Suzhou,Wuxi,Nantong,Jiaxing,Ningbo,Zhoushan and Huzhou will be drawn up,based on the location of the headquarters of the top 10 most concentrated express delivery enterprises in 8 cities of Shanghai Metropolitan Area(Zjs Express,SF express,Zhongtong Express,Shentong Express,Yunda Express,best express,everyday express,Guotong Express,EMS and Yantong Express),this paper des cribes the location distribution of transshipment centers and transit yards,and further discusses their location characteristics,based on the research data obtained from the official websites of State Post Bureau and express delivery enterprises,based on the map of Baidu,the coordinate parameters of the space location of the transfer center and Distribution Center of express delivery enterprises in Shanghai metropolitan area are obtained.The economic data of the study area are obtained from the city statistical yearbook and the official website of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China.Through theestablishment of the relevant model,finally selected the distribution of express enterprises 17 indicators,the use of principal component analysis of the distribution of the factors of express enterprises,in this paper,the influence factors of headquarters distribution and the influence factors of trans-shipment center distribution are analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis and bivariate explicit regression analysis.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstlly,Shanghai is the only region where the national headquarters of express delivery enterprises in Shanghai metropolitan area are located.Judging from the spatial distribution of regional headquarters,Shanghai is the region with the largest number of regional headquarters of express delivery enterprises in Shanghai metropolitan area,with the number of headquarters accounting for more than one third,followed by Jiaxing and Suzhou headquarters.Judging from the distribution of express delivery companies in different cities,the distributi on density of regional headquarters in Shanghai metropolitan area is the first-class core area in Shanghai,the second-class core areas in Suzhou and Wuxi,again the nuclear density in Ningbo and Jiaxing,and the nuclear density distribution in Nantong and Zhoushan is the smallest.The number of regional headquarters of 10 express delivery companies in Shanghai metropolitan area is not much different,with the largest number being daily express delivery.Secondly,the distribution of regional transfer centers of express delivery enterprises is obviously concentrated in Shanghai and Suzhou.Overall,the regional transfer centers of express delivery enterprises in Shanghai metropolitanare a are closely related to the degree of urban economic development and population density,showing a multi-core spatial distribution pattern.The first-class core is located in Jiading District of Shanghai,Baoshan District and Kunshan City of Suzhou.The secondary core is Xiangcheng District in Suzhou,huqiu district,zhenhai district,Haishu District and Beilun District in Ningbo.The third core is Tongzhou District,Gangzha District and Chongchuan District in Nantong.Thirdly,in the Shanghai metropolitan area,the transition of express delivery companies is most densely distributed in densely populated and economically developed areas,which is closely related to the local economy and population.The city-to-city transit of 10 express delivery companies generally presents aspatial distribution pattern of three levels and multiple cores.Shanghai has con centrated more than one third of the transit of all express delivery companies,followed by Suzhou,which has concentrated one fifth of the total transit of express delivery companies,and Ningbo,which has concentrated 13.7% of the transit of express delivery.Yangpu District,Baoshan District and Pudong New Area in Shanghai,gusu district and Xiangcheng District in Suzhou are the highest core gathering areas,and Jiangbei District in Ningbo is the second-level core gathering area,which gradually weakens to the periphery.The Gangzha District,Tongzhou District and Chongchuan District in Nantong in the north,Kunsh an City in Suzhou in the middle and Nanhu District in Jiaxing in the south form the third-level core gathering area.Fourthly,the main factors affecting the headquarters of express delivery companies are the proportion of GDP in the secondary industry,population density,the number of employees in the tertiary industry and the number of mobile phone users.The main factors that affect the express delivery regional transfer center are the traffic factors such as the amount of civil air freight,highway mileage,and the output value of secondary and tertiary industries.The main factors that affect the distribution of courier companies in cities are the total amount of consumer goods per capita,the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP,the area of logistics storage land,the output value of tertiary industry and the area of construction land.Fifthly,the location of regional transportation centers for express delivery enterprises is closely related to traffic accessibility.The principles of location selection for regional transportation centers generally include four principles of a daptability,economy,development and traffic accessibility,of which traffic accessibility often determines the development of the other three principles.Traffic accessibility is generally expressed as highway traffic accessibility.The areas with the highest weighted nuclear density values in the transportation network of Shanghai metropolitan area are Huangpu District,Jing'an District,Xuhui District,Xiangcheng District of Suzhou,huqiu district,Binhu District and Liangxi District of Wuxi,forming a belt distribution.The areas with lower weighted nuclear density are Ninghai County,Xiangshan County and Zhoushan City in Ningbo,Anji County in Huzhou,Hai'an City and Rudong County in Nantong.The characteristics of road traffic accessibility are highly consistent with the distribution of regional transportation centers of express delivery enterprises.Based on Kriging difference analysis of spatial distance accessibility of urban nodes,spatial accessibility of Shanghai metropolitan areas has a multi-core structure in space and presents a zonal distribution,in which the central areas located in Shanghai and Suzhou have a larger influence range and gradually decrease to form an east-west zonal distribution.The other core layer is located in Ningbo City.The radiation range includes zhenhai district,Jiangbei District and Beilun District,which are also highly coincident with the location distribution of the regional transportation center for express delivery enterprises.This article is divided into eight chapters.The first two chapters are the basis of the topic,describing the research background,research purpose and sign ificance,research route and literature review,etc.The third chapter describes the research area,research data,research theories and methods,research scope definition,etc.The fourth chapter analyzes the location of express delivery enterp rise headquarters,the fifth chapter discusses the distribution and characteristics of express delivery enterprise regional transit centers and urban transit,the sixth chapter selects and analyzes the factors affecting express delivery enterprise location,including headquarters,regional transit centers and urban transit factors,the seventh chapter discusses the relationship between regional transit centers and traffic accessibility,and the eighth chapter is the conclusion and prospect. |
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