The development and validation of an instructional design model for creating problem based learning

This study used a modified Delphi Technique to generate and test an instructional design model for creating problem based learning. The Delphi Technique was modified from a four step process to a three step process. During the Delphi process, three experts in each field, instructional systems design, constructivism, and problem based learning, were asked to comment on the model and the operational procedures specified.; To begin the study, the researcher formulated an instructional design model based on a review of the literature. In Round One, the experts were given a copy of the model and a brief description of the steps in the model. Experts were asked to comment on whether the model had the required number of steps to design a constructivist teaming environment and whether each step was appropriate. Experts agreed the model had sufficient steps and made suggestions for improving specific steps within the model. The suggestions were then incorporated into the second draft of the design model.; In Round Two, the experts were given a set of procedures. The procedures were culled from the review of the literature and specified the methods a designer would follow to create a constructivist learning environment. To evaluate these procedures, the experts were asked whether they felt each procedure was very appropriate, appropriate, or not appropriate for use in the design of constructivist learning environments. Expert comments were broken down by thematic analysis and used to generate the third and final draft of the model.; In Round Three, the experts were presented with a final version of the model. They were asked whether the model exemplified a synthesis of instructional systems design, constructivism, and problem based learning. The experts agreed the model integrated all three areas. Instructional designers can use the model to systematically plan constructivist learning environments for problem based learning.