Preparation Of A Compound Biological Preservative For Agaricus Bisporus And Study On Its Preservative Effect

Agaricus bisporus is a large fungus with high edible and medicinal value.However,after harvest,Agaricus bisporus has strong metabolism and is not suitable for storage,resulting in huge economic losses.The cost of physical preservation technology for edible fungi is high,and chemical preservation technology is harmful.Relatively speaking,biological coating preservation has a wide range of sources,health and safety.In this paper,Agaricus bisporus as the research object,through the determination of storage conditions,single preservative screening,preservative compound optimization and compound biological preservative effect research,developed a compound biological preservative for Agaricus bisporus storage and preservation.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)Determination of the best storage condition for Agaricus bisporus.The storage conditions were screened by analyzing and judging the surface whiteness value,PPO activity and sensory evaluation results of bisporus.The results showed that under the condition of 4 ?and PET non-porous crisper,the surface whiteness of Agaricus bisporus was 80.80 and the activity of PPO was 8226.15 U/g FW on the 4th day of storage.In terms of open degree,texture,hair viscosity,smell and other sensory and other sensory aspects were better.Therefore,this condition was determined as the best condition.(2)Single preservative screening test.In this study,three classes of 12 kinds of single preservative agents were screened,and the whiteness value,PPO activity and sensory evaluation of Agaricus bisporus after treatment were tracked and compared.Finally,the best antioxidant preservative agent was Vc,the best antibacterial preservative agent was Nisin,and the best film-forming shielding preservative agent was carrageenan.(3)Screening of compound biological preservative.Vc,Nisin and carrageenan were tested by single factor test respectively.Whiteness value,PPO activity and sensory evaluation were used as evaluation indexes to select the response concentration.Vc concentrations were determined to be 0.50,0.80 and 1.10 g/L,Nisin concentrations were determined to be 0.25,0.40 and 0.55 g/L.And carrageenan concentrations were determined to be 3.00,5.00 and 7.00 g/L.By response surface test and verification test,the optimal formula concentrations of compound of Vc,Niain and carrageenan of biological preservative were 0.80,0.40 and 5.40 g/L,respectively.Furthermore,response surface analysis results showed that Vc and Nisin had significant interaction with carrageenan and had synergistic effect.(4)The study on the preservation effect of compound biological preservatives on Agaricus bisporus showed that compared with the BC group and CK group at the end of storage,the application of this preservative reduced the hardness of Agaricus bisporus by 16.98% and13.80%,the weight loss rate by 45.47% and 63.37%,and the decay rate by 53.76% and 65.04%.Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the preservative could effectively delay the degradation process of cell membrane.At the same time,this preservative can reduce the hydrolysis and oxidation of nutrients,flavoring substances and antioxidant functional components,thus maintaining a high nutritional level and strong antioxidant capacity of Agaricus bisporus.In addition,the preservative can also regulate the key enzyme activities of active oxygen scavenging system and browning metabolism in Agaricus bisporus,and make the changes of key enzyme activities in an acceptable range.Overall,the preservative can extend the shelf life of 2?3 days to ensure that Agaricus bisporus has good edible and commercial value in the sales process.