Study On The Hazard Of Chlorination Process And Its Reaction Equipment In A Fine Chemical Factory

Fine chemical industry is the most dynamic field in the chemical industry in China.The chlorination process is applied to production by more than half of fine chemical enterprises.However,the chlorination process is a production process with rapid heat release and fire and explosion hazard.Out-of-control reactions can easily lead to production shutdowns,equipment damage,and even serious accidents such as casualties and environmental pollution.But,fine chemical companies are often small in scale and capacity,and most of them have the problem of insufficient understanding of the risk factors in the production process.Therefore,this article takes the chlorination process of a flavor and fragrance company and its reaction device as the research object,and combines the hazard and operability analysis method(HAZOP)with the fault tree method(FTA)and the Mond method to identify the chlorination process in the process.The hazard factors and the analysis of the risk of the reaction device have important practical value in preventing the occurrence of chlorination process accidents in the enterprise,and provide a new idea for the safety evaluation of the chlorination process.First of all,this article uses the Hazard and Operability Analysis Method(HAZOP)to consider the influence of factors such as the rate of chlorine vaporization and the p H of the material on the working conditions and equipment to identify the hazard sources in the process.31 deviations were identified,and 77 reasons for the deviation were identified.The risk level is preliminarily judged through the risk matrix.The major risks and the medium risks are 3 and 8 respectively,and the major risks are mainly distributed in the chlorination reactor.Therefore,a layer-by-layer analysis of the accident tree is constructed for the selected high-risk scenarios of fire and explosion of the chlorination kettle,and the minimum cut set and structural importance are calculated,and the reaction rate out of control and the failure of the pressure relief device are the main reasons for the accident.Secondly,this paper uses the Mond method to calculate the fire,explosion,and toxicity index of the chlorination process device to further judge the risk of the device.The calculation result shows that the overall risk R value of the chlorination process device is medium after safety compensation,and the main toxicity accident index The C value level is high,so the toxicity risk of the reaction device is also high.In addition to preventing device fires and explosions,preventing chlorine leakage is also an important direction of risk management.Through practical application,the respective limitations and combined advantages of the three methods have been confirmed in the process of analysis.Finally,according to the analysis results,compared with the original risk management and control measures of the enterprise,optimization suggestions are put forward from the three aspects of equipment monitoring,management process and operation procedures,which provide a theoretical basis for the safety management of the enterprise.