Study On The Cultural Landscape Of Three Water God Temple In Guangzhou,Foshan And Zhaoqing Areas From The Perspective Of Cultural Ecology

The Arethusa belief as well as Arethusa Temples is taken as an important social and historical phenomenon in the Guangfu culture.As a complete cultural ecosystem and historical fact,it is endowed with the rich Lingnan regional material and intangible cultural heritage.The research on many disciplines is carried out in the academic circles,resulting in obvious achievements.The theory of the traditional landscape morphology,sociology and ecology as well as the methods of literature review,field investigation,interview survey,comparative analysis and summary research is applied from the perspective of cultural ecology.It is aimed to systematically study the cultural landscape of Nanhai god Temple,Foshan Ancestral Temple and Dragon Mother Ancestral Temple in the Guangzhou,Foshan and Zhaoqing areas.The specific research content is as follows.Firstly,the formation of the Chinese Arethusa belief cultural landscape is retrospected and the Arethusa belief and Arethusa temple of the Guangzhou,Foshan and Zhaoqing areas are interpreted and deconstructed.Next,the cultural ecosystem view of cultural landscapes is taken as the starting point to decompose and analyze the three Arethusa temple cultural landscapes through Trichotomy.Then,the comparative analysis among the three Arethusa temples as well as between them and Jidu Temple of Jiyuan City of Henan Province as well as Mazu Temple of Putian City of Fujian Province is carried out.It is aimed to find out similarities and differences.Finally,the problems about the landscape construction of the three Arethusa temples are found out.Some development countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in combination with the relevant principles.It is hoped to provide some reference for the protection and development of the religious and cultural tourist attraction of the Arethusa temples.The research conclusions of the paper are as follows:(1)The superior topography,climate and hydrology of the Guangzhou,Foshan and Zhaoqing areas as well as the local abundant plant resource provide good natural conditions for the development of the Arethusa temples.In addition,the local cultural tradition of the local folk belief in ghosts and gods is strong.As a result,there are three outstanding representatives of the cultural landscape of the local Arethusa temples,including Nanhai god Temple,Foshan Ancestral Temple and Dragon Mother Ancestral Temple.(2)Influenced by innate historical conditions and folk beliefs,the solemn atmosphere and the harmonious ecological environment arerendered through the common axial symmetry layout and the implied plants in the spatial layout of the three Arethusa temples.Since the Reform and Opening Up,the focus of planning at the present stage is transformed into the construction on a harmonious modern garden landscape with the main purpose of public service and cultural inheritance dominated by the construction on the cultural and service-oriented landscape function gradually.(3)Through comparative analysis,it is drawn:(1)Atmosphere construction:serious and warm Nanhai god Temple,flexible and lively Foshan Ancestral Temple and solemn Dragon Mother Ancestral Temple.(2)Plant coverage: Foshan Ancestral Temple >Nanhai god Temple > Dragon Mother Ancestral Temple.(3)Scale and influence of cultural activities: Nanhai god Temple(Maritime Silk Road culture;International)> Foshan Ancestral Temple(regional culture;nationality)> Dragon Mother Ancestral Temple(Dragon)Mother culture,regional).(4)Management and operation: Each of the three temples is endowed with its own advantages and disadvantages.Comparatively speaking,the construction and management of Foshan Ancestral Temple is relatively perfect.For example,there are many auxiliary buildings,strong publicity and rich cultural activities.The temple is an excellent case worthy of reference.(4)In order to solve the problems existing in the landscape construction and management of the three Arethusa temples,some detailed and targeted suggestions are made.The experience and shortcomings of the development of the three Arethusa temples can provide some preference for the protection and development of other Arethusa temples inside and outside the province.In terms of the future development and construction,it is possible to promote the improvement on cultural landscapes from different aspects such as space division,element design,artistic conception creation,infrastructure and sustainability.