A Site Selection Method Of Public Housing Based On Different Types Of Family Housing Needs

The construction of public housing is an important livelihood project.In reality,the supply of public housing sometimes suffers from inadequate facilities and low residential satisfaction.In addition to the consideration of land resources and construction costs,the city government has selected public housing in remote areas of the city with weak facilities,resulting in insufficient public service facilities or lagging construction.Another important reason is that the demand characteristics and differences among different types of protected families are ignored in the process of providing public housing.Academia’s research on the demand characteristics of protected group is mostly based on theoretical and empirical analysis.In recent years,attention has been paid to quantitative empirical analysis of residents’ needs and behaviors.The characteristics of the housing needs of the protected group need to be further explored.This paper takes the housing needs as the guide and adopts a field questionnaire survey method.Through in-depth analysis of the housing needs characteristics and differences of different types of public housing families,a method of public housing location based on the strength of the housing needs is proposed.This study enriches the relevant research on the characteristics of housing needs and housing location,and has certain practical significance for further optimizing the allocation of land and facility resources,and improving residents’ satisfaction and social benefits.The study takes Shenzhen as a typical case city,mainly including two aspects.First,the characteristics and differences of the housing needs of the protected groups.We surveyed 24 representative public housing communities,screened out the key factors of the housing preference of the protected families,and further analyzed the characteristics and differences of different types of families’ demand for the above factors.The second is research on the location method of public housing based on the relationship between the strength and weakness of housing demand.First of all,construct a location model of public housing based on the intensity of housing demand,calculate the demand intensity for different types ofpublic housing families,and give specific location reference results suitable for different types of public housing families.And on this basis,build an index model of the difference in housing demand intensity of different types of public housing families.By comparing the differences in the demand intensity of different types of public housing families for the same block,reference results of specific locations that are more suitable for supplying different types of public housing are given.Finally,the site selection model is verified,and the results prove that the above site selection models are effective.The study found that the satisfaction of public housing families is not high,and the overall satisfaction of supporting facilities is low.58.2% of households tend to purchase public housing,and 39.7% of households prefer to rent public housing.The greatest demand intensity of residents are transportation and educational facilities,which are much larger than medical and commercial facilities.Judging from the demand intensity site selection results,public housing families have the strongest housing demand intensity in Futian,Nanshan and Luohu,while Dapeng,Pingshan,Yantian and Guangming have the weakest.Judging from the site selection results of housing demand intensity of different types of public housing families,Dapeng Central District,the southernmost part of Guangming,the northernmost and southernmost parts of Longgang,the northeast of Luohu,the southeast of Yantian,the westernmost part of Pingshan,and around Baogang’s Tiegang and Huangmabu are more suitable for providing public housing for purchasing families and low-and middle-income families;the southeast of Dapeng,the airports and international exhibition centers in the west of Bao’an and the area around Shiyan are more suitable for providing public housing for rental families and talented families.The research suggests that the relevant departments of public housing planning and construction can further discuss the conversion mechanism for talent housing,residential housing and public rental housing to meet the needs of the protected groups.Transportation and educational facilities are the most critical factors,and relevant departments of public housing planning and construction should give priority to them when planning and constructing.When conditions permit,the supply of public housing should be given priority to a medium-sized scale.If conditions limit,the relationship between public housing and the surroundings of the base should be fully considered.In the future,under the condition of ensuring relatively fairness,according to the differences in housing demand intensity of different types of public housing families,targeted supporting facilities can meet the housing needs of different types of public housing families as much as possible,so as to improve the living satisfaction of the public housing families.Rental households and talented households prefer transportation facilities.When providing public housing for these two groups,priority should be given to transportation facilities;while purchasing households and low-and middle-income households have the strongest demand for educational facilities.When providing public housing for these two groups,priority should be given to educational facilities.When the site selection conditions are lacking,consideration should be given to adding supporting facilities simultaneously.When it is impossible to add supporting facilities,priority should be given to the differences in the needs of different types of public housing families.Rental households and talented households have greater demand for transportation and commercial facilities,while purchasing households and low-and middle-income households have greater demand for educational facilities.When transportation and commercial facilities are in better condition and educational facilities are in poor condition,priority should be given to providing public housing for rental families and talented families to avoid supplying locations where educational facilities are lacking to purchasing and lowand middle-income families;When conditions are better and transportation and commercial facilities are poor,priority should be given to providing public housing for purchase and lowand middle-income families to avoid supplying locations with inconvenient transportation to rental and talented families.