Research On Risk Management Of Prefabricated Buildings In The Construction Stage

During the COVID-19 epidemic,the Huoshenshan Hospital and Leishenshan Hospital were quickly built and put into use,making prefabricated buildings focus of everyone’s attention once again.This is mainly due to the policy of encouraging the development of prefabricated buildings in our country in recent years.Prefabricated buildings have the characteristics of fast construct speed,high produce efficiency,energy-saving,environmental protection,and meet the requirements of sustainable development.They have been developed rapidly under the promotion of national policies.However,prefabricated buildings are still in their infancy in our country,prefabricated buildings standards are not perfect,construction techniques and technical systems are immature,and there are many hidden risks in the construction stage,Traditional construction management systems are not fully applicable to prefabricated buildings.Therefore,constructing an effective risk assessment model in the prefabricated buildings construction stage can improve the risk management system reduce the probability of risks and the losses caused during the construction stage.Based on the research of domestic and foreign prefabricated building risk management literature,this paper selects the risk management of the construction phase as the research object to carry out the research.First,the basic theory of prefabricated building is introduced,including the concept,characteristics and technological process.Then introduced the definition and composition of risk,combined with the characteristics of prefabricated buildings and risk characteristics,introduced the basic process of project risk management.Secondly,according to the basic process of project risk management,the first step is to identify risks.Through the Expert Investigation Method and the Work Breakdown SystemRisk Breakdown System(WBS-RBS method),the risk factors in the construction stage are identified,and five major risk factors in the construction stage are sorted out according to the work breakdown during construction: PC component shipment risk,construction technology risk,and construction safety Risks,construction quality risks and construction schedule risks,then establish a risk list.Then,a risk assessment model is established according to the risk list,the subjective weighting of risk factors is determined by the analytic hierarchy process,the objective weighting is determined by the entropy weighting method,and the weighting results of the two are integrated to calculate the comprehensive weighting according to the multiplication.According to the weighting results,the fuzzy multi-level comprehensive evaluation method is used for a comprehensive evaluation to determine the risk level and key risk factors of the project,and finally,propose countermeasures for the key risk factors.Finally,actual prefabricated project cases are selected to demonstrate the applicability of the risk evaluation model.According to the evaluation results,the risk level of the project is a general risk.The safety awareness of construction personnel under construction safety risks is a risk factor that has a greater impact on the construction stage.Basically in line with the current industry conditions,in accordance with the project risk evaluation results,a dual prevention system has been established to deal with key risk factors that have a greater impact.The demonstration of the case shows that the evaluation model has a certain degree of scientificity and applicability,and it can provide a certain reference value for similar prefabricated projects in the process of risk management.