| In recent years,affected by rapid urbanization,coupled with the lack of unified planning and management of rural homesteads,farmers spontaneously choose to build houses,which has directly led to a significant reduction in the efficiency of residential land use,and the spatial layout of rural residential areas in my country has undergone a greater change.big change.Studying the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of rural residential areas,and optimizing the spatial layout,can provide references for the implementation of comprehensive rural land consolidation and rural revitalization strategies.This paper takes Sishui County in the low hilly area of the southern foot of Taiyi Mountain as the research area,selects the land use data in 2009 and 2018,and uses the relative change rate of land use types,nearest neighbor statistics,landscape index method,and nuclear density analysis.It analyzes the size,shape,patch density and other aspects of rural residential areas,analyzes the characteristics of the temporal and spatial evolution of rural residential areas,and selects factors such as elevation,slope,rivers,roads,organizational towns,policies and planning,etc.The relationship between influencing factors and changes in rural settlements.Six evaluation indicators are selected to construct a suitability evaluation system to evaluate the suitability of rural residential areas,and then propose spatial layout optimization strategies based on the evaluation results.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)The rural residential areas in the towns and streets of Sishui County continue to expand in scale,and their connectivity has increased.The individual patch area has been increasing,and the patch density per unit area has decreased.It has a contiguous and dense spatial distribution pattern.The average patch shape index is about 1.2,indicating that the patch shape of rural residential areas in Sishui County is not highly regular,and its spatial distribution is more concentrated than the random mode,but the degree of aggregation has declined,and the diffusion mode has become more significant.Out of the free decentralized model,it is necessary to optimize.(2)The spatial distribution pattern of nuclear density in 2009 and 2018 is similar.The high nuclear density areas are mainly distributed in Gaoyu Town in the north of the county,Sihe Street in the central plain area,and Sizhang Town in the southern hilly area.The high-density areas of rural residential areas are fragmented and distributed in other towns,which is consistent with the distribution trend of rivers and reservoirs.(3)The distribution of rural settlements is affected by many factors.In terms of natural factors,rural settlements tend to gather in areas with small slopes,low elevations and close to rivers.91.77%of rural settlements are distributed in areas with an altitude of no more than 300m,within a slope of 0-5°.There are 64.22%of the settlements.From 2009 to 2018,within a buffer zone of 1000m from the river,the number and area of rural settlements in Sishui County increased,the number increased by 1,184,and the area increased by 130.39hm2.Within a certain range from the river,the number and area of rural settlements increased.The distribution has a certain attracting effect.In terms of location factors,during the study period,the number of residential spots within 1500m from the main road increased by 2265,and the patch area increased by 443.24hm2.The study showed that the road has a certain radiation effect on the distribution of residential spots.As the distance between main roads increases,the influence of roads on residential areas gradually decreases.From 2009 to 2018,the scale of rural residential areas within 1000m from the designated towns increased significantly,with an increase of 294.02hm2 in area and 927 in number.The area proportion increased from 25.81%in 2009 to 27.33%in 2018,and the proportion in number rose from 22.44%increased to 27.87%.Socio-economic factors,such as population,economy,and national policies,will also affect the pattern and direction of rural settlements.(4)Six resistance factors that have a higher degree of correlation with the layout of rural residential areas are selected to establish the resistance surface,and the cumulative resistance value of rural residential areas in Sishui County is calculated by using the least resistance model to be between 0-367611,and based on the cumulative resistance value The study was divided into five different suitability levels:the most suitable(25677.10hm2),more suitable(35332.89hm2),generally suitable(22625.23hm2),less suitable(16707.45hm2),and unsuitable(12961.83hm2).Combining with the land use planning of Sishui County,based on the results of suitability evaluation,rural settlements in Sishui County are divided into four types:urbanization,key development,controlled development,and migration and consolidation.Propose optimization schemes pertinently. |
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