Research On The Spatial Distribution Equality Of Medical Facilities In The Main Urban Area Of Tianjin

As an important part of urban public service facilities,there has been a long-term contradiction between insufficient supply and uneven allocation of medical facilities.The reasonable planning of its spatial layout can not only improve the medical and health service level of residents,facilitate patients’ medical treatment,but also improve the overall public service level of the city and promote the economic development of the city.Based on the current situation of medical and health development in the main urban area of Tianjin,with GIS spatial analysis technology,162 medical facilities are selected as the research object to measure the spatial economic accessibility and geographical accessibility of medical facilities of 61 street residents in the main urban area of Tianjin,and then evaluate the equality of the spatial layout of medical facilities,and finally put forward the policy building of optimizing the spatial layout of medical facilities.The main research work includes:(1)complete data collection and data processing,and build GIS spatial database.Including the administrative division,traffic network,street population information and the spatial element information of medical facilities.(2)by using the overlay analysis function of GIS,the spatial economic accessibility of medical facilities is analyzed;by using the method of Voronoi,the shortest distance and two-step mobile search,the spatial geographical accessibility of medical facilities is measured.(3)spatial cluster analysis was used to evaluate the spatial equality of medical facilities,and non spatial equality of medical facilities was evaluated based on Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient.(4)based on the planning of Tianjin medical and health service system construction(2015-2020)and the results of equality evaluation,this paper puts forward improvement suggestions for the current problems in the spatial layout of medical facilities in the main urban area of Tianjin.The main results are as follows:(1)the overall economic accessibility of medical facilities in the main urban area of Tianjin is good,but there are still a few streets with poor economic accessibility.In general,the streets with high population density and high demand for medical services for the elderly and children are densely populated,and the types of medical facilities are complete,the level is higher,and the number of beds is more.(2)the spatial and geographical accessibility of medical facilities in the main urban area of Tianjin has obvious spatial differences.The streets served by high-level hospitals have a wider range,that is,the number of residents is more,73% of street residents can reach the nearest medical facilities within 5km;the circle feature of spatial geographical accessibility is significant,showing a decreasing rule from the central streets of Heping District and Nankai District to the surrounding areas,mainly due to the uneven distribution of general hospitals,specialized hospitals and traditional Chinese medicine hospitals.(3)the spatial equality of medical facilities is poor,showing a high spatial clustering feature;the Gini coefficient calculated by Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient is 0.099 according to the population distribution,0.103 according to the administrative area distribution,the reasonable state is that the evaluation standard of Gini Coefficient is lower than 0.3,and the non spatial equality of medical facilities is good.