Research Of The Design Method Of Smart Buildings For Self-Care Elderly Who Live Alone

Aging of the population is a serious problem faced by many countries including China in the 21 st century.As a typical representative of the countries with rapid economic development,China has taken the lead in entering an aging society.How to improve the life quality of the growing number of elderly people who live alone is one of the main social problems we face today.For self-care elderly,although they can live alone in most cases,the decline of various functions caused by aging makes them face various challenges in their normal lives.From the perspective of elderly housing,more and more architects are also changing the focus of design to meet the increasing residential safety and convenience needs of elderly people living alone.With the emergence and generalization of computers and many electronic products,the definition of "smart" has gradually emerged.Smart buildings have gradually become an important part of urban development.As a typical group of building residents with higher requirements for comfort,safety and convenience,how to realize the intelligent design of buildings for the elderly living alone has become a new architectural research topic.This paper summarizes the smart building design strategies and methods for the self-care elderly who live alone through literature review and analysis.This paper summarizes the strategy from three directions: the establishment of virtual space in the building,the improvement of the data chain,and the establishment of the data platform.This paper also takes a further step to propose a detailed analysis of the design method from the perspective of data.The first part is the research on the monitoring and collection methods of data in smart buildings.In the monitoring strategy of real-time building data,this paper mainly explores the monitoring methods including the physiological and behavioral data of the elderly,the monitoring methods of indoor physical environment data,and the monitoring methods of building energy consumption data.Secondly,the management strategy of building real-time data mainly explores the data transmission method,the data flow structure and the data analysis method.Finally,it elaborates the interaction mode between the building smart system and the user and summarizes the data response methods including building component changes,environment optimization and alarm response.Finally,a design framework for smart buildings for self-care elderly who live alone is proposed.This article summarizes these three aspects and summarizes the systematic strategy and method of smart building design for self-care elderly.This paper also takes the design of smart floor slabs as an example,and demonstrates the strategies and methods of data application in smart buildings for self-care elderly people living alone through three aspects: smart data monitoring,smart data management,and smart response of buildings.The experimental results confirmed the feasibility of the proposed smart floor system,and proved the great potential of using floor vibration in buildings to distinguish the fall behavior of the elderly and different fall postures.The use of smart floors in smart buildings for self-care elderly people living alone can speed up medical care by informing the hospital of the type and situation of falls for elderly patients in advance.In addition,the proposed smart floor system is based on low-sensitivity smart phones with built-in sensors,smart phones are familiar to the elderly,so they can be widely promoted and installed in the elderly’s apartments without affecting their normal daily life to improve the quality life of the elderly.